“…Many studies have measured isometric neck mechanics,(Alricsson et al, 2001; Ashton-Miller et al, 1990; Conley et al, 1997; Garces et al, 2002; Jordan et al, 1999; O’Leary et al, 2005; Staudte and Duhr, 1994; Suryanarayana and Kumar, 2005; Vasavada et al, 2008; Vasavada et al, 2001) isotonic mechanics,(Ono and Kanno, 1996) and isokinetic mechanics (Hong et al, 2005; Portero et al, 2001; Seng et al, 2002) as well as correlating electromyography to identify adult neck muscle activation (Gabriel et al, 2004; Kumar et al, 2005; Kumar et al, 2003; Strimpakos et al, 2005; Tierney et al, 2005; Valkeinen et al, 2002; Vasavada et al, 2002). Adult neck muscle mechanics has been measured identifying directional maximal forces and moments generated by the neck (Chiu et al, 2002; Jaric, 2002; Kumar et al, 2001, 2003; Seng et al, 2002; Suryanarayana and Kumar, 2005; Valkeinen et al, 2002; Vasavada et al, 2001) as well as endurance characteristics (Gosselin et al, 2004; Harris et al, 2005; Lee et al, 2005; Schieppati et al, 2003; Schulte et al, 2006).…”