Stimulation of dental implant osseointegration by low-Intensity pulsed ultrasound: An <i>in vivo</i> preliminary study in a porcine model

Abstract

Purposes: Several studies have evaluated the interest of Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) in the osseointegration of dental implants in murine or rabbit models. However, the thinness and narrowness bones make it difficult to study the effect of LIPUS. The purpose of this study is to assess the ability of LIPUS to stimulate bone formation in contact with a titanium dental implant in a porcine model. Methods: Eight adults mini-pigs were used. An implant is placed on each tibial crest in the metaphysis. The right side was treated with LIPUS at 1 MHz and 300 mW/cm 2 of acoustic intensity during 15 minutes per day on 5 consecutive days and during 42 days. The left side was not treated. The Bone Volume/Total Volume ratio (BV/TV), the Intersection Surface (IS) of the volume of interest by the binarized bone and the Trabecular bone Thickness (TbTh) around the implant were analyzed. Results: At 42 days, BV/TV ratio is significantly higher on the treated side (42,1+/−8,76% versus 32,31+/−10,11%, p < 0,02); as well as TbTh with 0,13+/−0,01 mm versus 0,10+/−0,01 mm (p < 0,01). IS is also significantly higher on the treated side (40,7 +/− 12,68 mm 2 versus 33,68+/−9,44 mm 2 at 200 μm from the implant surface; p < 0,01). Conclusion:The present study showed that LIPUS can significantly increase bone formation and accelerate the healing process at the bone-implant interface in a porcine model. Its low toxicity, low immunogenicity and non-invasion make it a complementary treatment of choice for improving the bone formation around titanium implants.

Doping Engineering of Piezo‐Sonocatalytic Nanocoating Confer Dental Implants with Enhanced Antibacterial Performances and Osteogenic Activity

“…Notably, this ultrasound parameter not only harmless to the implant in vivo but as an FDA‐approved treatment, it has been proven to significantly increase bone formation and accelerate the healing process at the bone‐implant interface. [ 46 ] Histopathological sections of decalcified bone tissue were stained with H&E and evaluated for structural bone changes following bacterial infection using histological observations and histomorphometry analysis (Figure 6H). Severe bone destruction and chronic infection were observed in the Ti group.…”

Clinical Applications of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Dentistry

“…Further, the maximal pull-out strength and stiffness were more preeminent on the side with LIPUS, which suggested that the combination of dental implants and bone is excellent [75]. Similarly, in the pig model, LIPUS can also promote bone formation and bone-implant contact surface healing [82]. Interestingly, a rat model was built with dental implants in the maxillary first molars extraction sockets successfully.…”

Osteogenic effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on peri-implant bone: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The included studies used mice (n=1), rats (n=5), rabbits (n=3), and pigs (n=1) as the implant animal models [10][11][12][13][14][16][17][18][19][20]. One study investigated implants in animals in which diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) [13].…”

“…that LIPUS can shorten the overall treatment time [9]. In addition, studies have reported that LIPUS can promote the osteogenesis of dental implants [10][11][12]. However, in some studies, LIPUS has shown contrasting effects on dental implants [13,14].…”