Stimulation of spinal motoneurones with intracellular electrodes

Frank, K.; Fuortes, M. G. F.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1956.sp005657

Cited by 291 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Shortly after the development of intracellular recording and stimulation techniques, it was noted that in spinal motoneurons the trajectory of the rise and fall of the membrane potential in response to rectangular current injection (Araki and Otani, 1955;Coombs et al, 1956), the strength-latency curve (Frank and Fuortes, 1956), and the decay of EPSPs and IPSPs (Coombs et al, 1956) were all close to having an exponential profile. These effects were related to the membrane time constant.…”

Section: The Role Of Motoneuron Dendrites In Repetitive Firingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beginning at the end: Repetitive firing properties in the final common pathway

Brownstone

2006

Progress in Neurobiology

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Since the early 20th century, it has been recognized that motoneurons must fire repetitive trains of action potentials to produce muscle contraction. In 1932, Sir John Eccles, together with Hebbel Hoff, found that action potential spike trains in motor axons were produced by "rhythmic centres", which were within the motoneurons themselves. Two decades later, Eccles attended a Cold Spring Harbor Symposium in NY, USA entitled "The Neuron". Two of the many notable presentations at this symposium were juxtaposed: one by Eccles from the University of Otago, Dunedin, NZL, and the other by J. Walter Woodbury and Harry Patton from the University of Washington, Seattle, USA. Both presentations included data obtained using sharp microelectrodes to study the intracellularly recorded potentials of cat motoneurons. In this review, I discuss some of the events leading up to and surrounding this jointly accomplished advance and proceed to discussion of subsequent studies over 5+ decades that have made use of intracellular recordings from motoneurons to study their repetitive firing behavior. This begins with early descriptions of primary and secondary range firing, and continues to the discovery of dendritic persistent inward currents and their relation to plateau potentials, synaptic amplification, and motoneuronal firing. Following a brief description of the possible mechanisms underlying spike frequency adaptation, I discuss the modulation of repetitive firing properties during various motor behaviors. It has become increasingly clear that the central nervous system has exquisite control of the repetitive firing of motoneurons. Eccles' work laid the foundation for the present-day study of these processes.

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Section: The Role Of Motoneuron Dendrites In Repetitive Firingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beginning at the end: Repetitive firing properties in the final common pathway

Brownstone

2006

Progress in Neurobiology

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“…The input resistance of the afferents averaged 8.5 M⍀ (Ϯ0.63 SEM; n ϭ 29). Because of the fast time constant of the afferent fibers (comparable with that of the M-cell, estimated in ϳ400 sec) (Fukami et al, 1964), the bridge was balanced using the spikeheight method (Frank and Fuortes, 1956). The M-cell resting and action potentials averaged Ϫ76.3 Ϯ 1.3 and 21.2 Ϯ 1.1 mV (SEM; n ϭ 23), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage-Dependent Enhancement of Electrical Coupling by a Subthreshold Sodium Current

Curti¹,

Pereda²

2004

J. Neurosci.

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“…The resting potential was measured periodically during the impalement and an average calculated. Input impedance was measured by the bridge imbalance method (Araki and Otani, 1955;Frank and Fuortes, 1956). In most cases, the bridge was balanced outside of the cell and then, following impalement, the voltage offset produced by a 10 msec, 1.2 nA microelectrode negative square wave was measured.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noradrenergic hyperinnervation of the motor trigeminal nucleus: alterations in membrane properties and responses to synaptic input

Vornov¹,

Sutin²

1986

J. Neurosci.

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The physiological consequences of the noradrenergic (NE) hyperinnervation of the rat brain stem produced by neonatal administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was studied in the motor trigeminal nucleus. Stimulation of the region of the lateral lemniscus, the source of the noradrenergic innervation of the nucleus, facilitated the masseteric reflex for up to 200 msec in both normal and hyperinnervated animals. The peak facilitation was 71% larger in the NE hyperinnervated animals and was reduced by systemically administered alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists. Intracellular recordings revealed that the mean resting potential of NE hyperinnervated trigeminal motoneurons was 3 mV more hyperpolarized than that of normal cells. The mean input resistance of NE hyperinnervated motoneurons was reduced from 1.83 +/- 0.15 to 1.22 +/- 0.19 M Omega. NE hyperinnervation increased the amplitude of the monosynaptic EPSP evoked by stimulation of primary afferent cell bodies in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MesV) by 65%. The mean rise time of the EPSP was increased in NE hyperinnervated motoneurons while the mean half-width was unchanged, suggesting a shift in the distribution of primary afferent terminals away from the motoneuron soma. Stimulation of the lateral lemniscus region produced a predominantly depolarizing PSP with a time course similar to that of the reflex facilitation. The amplitude of the depolarization in NE hyperinnervated motoneurons was not significantly different from that of controls. During this lateral lemniscus region-evoked PSP, stimulation of MesV produced an EPSP of increased amplitude, associated with a decrease or no change in input resistance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Stimulation of spinal motoneurones with intracellular electrodes

Cited by 291 publications

References 19 publications

Beginning at the end: Repetitive firing properties in the final common pathway

Beginning at the end: Repetitive firing properties in the final common pathway

Voltage-Dependent Enhancement of Electrical Coupling by a Subthreshold Sodium Current

Noradrenergic hyperinnervation of the motor trigeminal nucleus: alterations in membrane properties and responses to synaptic input

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