Stimulatory effect of dietary butyrate on growth, immune response, and resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus against Aeromonas hydrophila infection

The Immunostimulatory Effects of Commercial Feed Additives on Growth Performance, Non-specific Immune Response, Antioxidants Assay, and Intestinal Morphometry of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…They give many benefits, such as increasing the rate of nutritional conversion of feed, improving growth efficiency via improving the balance of gastrointestinal microbial communities, as well as increasing the creation of supplemental digestive enzymes and increasing immune system responses, against pathogenic bacteria by producing inhibitory compounds ( Bozkurt et al, 2014 ; Amenyogbe et al, 2020 ). Besides, the beneficial effect of organic acids as a functional feed additive on digestion track, gut microbiota and morphology, gut pH, growth, nutrient utilization, feed palatability, and hepatopancreas pathophysiology for Nile tilapia, O. niloticus ( Ng and Koh, 2017 ; Abd El-Naby et al, 2019 ; Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2020a ). Elsabagh et al (2018) and Amenyogbe et al (2020) stated that the addition of commercial immunostimulants in aquatic-feeds is expected to increase substantially in the coming years due to changing global regulatory controls that attempt to provide more sustainable aquaculture via enhancing growth capacity, feeding efficiency, and immune responses as well as reducing the intestinal inflammation in Nile tilapia, O. niloticus.…”

Aeromonas veroniidetection in Egyptian fish farms with summer tilapia mortality outbreaks and the role of formic acid in limiting its spread

“…However, the severity of these signs and mortality rate decreased significantly in the treatment groups in the following order: FFC < FA1 < FA0.5. Other studies have found that certain organic acids and their salts had a good impact on the overall health, survival and resistance to various bacterial infections in fish and shrimp at various concentrations (Abd El‐Naby et al, 2019; Jesus et al, 2019; Koh et al, 2016; Ng et al, 2009; Reda et al, 2016; Yilmaz, 2019).…”

“…Various studies have proven that the use of various types of organic acids and their salts in various doses improved the haematological parameters in numerous fish, for example the use of sodium propionate and butyrate in the diets of Dicentrarchus labrax (Abdel‐Mohsen et al, 2018; Wassef et al, 2020), blend of organic acids and/or their organic salts in the diets of O . niloticus (Abd El‐Naby et al, 2019; Hassaan et al, 2014; Reda et al, 2016; Soltan et al, 2017) and citric acid in the diets of Huso huso (Khajepour et al, 2011). The enhancement of haematological parameters may be linked to the maximal liberation of calcium, phosphorus, iron and copper from feed ingredients due to acid supplementation (Khajepour & Hosseini, 2012; Khajepour et al, 2011).…”

“…Various studies have proven that the use of various types of organic acids and their salts in various doses improved the haematological parameters in numerous F I G U R E 4 Serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD, U/ml), catalase (CAT, ng/ml), malondialdehyde (MDA, nmol/ml) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC, ng/ml) of challenged Oreochormis niloticus with Aeromonas veronii (131TF-ID) (1 × 10 7 ) after 15 days of feeding on medicated diet supplemented with florfenicol or formic acids. Data are presented as mean ± SE (n = 9 samples/group) fish, for example the use of sodium propionate and butyrate in the diets of Dicentrarchus labrax(Abdel-Mohsen et al, 2018;Wassef et al, 2020), blend of organic acids and/or their organic salts in the diets of O. niloticus(Abd El-Naby et al, 2019;Hassaan et al, 2014;…”

Stress management in aquaculture: a review of dietary interventions

“…Organic acids. A plethora of studies have addressed the effects of various acidifiers/organic acids and their salts (acetic, butyric, citric, formic, lactic, propionic and succinic acids) on growth, nutrient efficiency, oxidative status, immune response and disease resistance in several fish and crustaceans (Castillo et al 2014;Liu et al 2014b;Chuchird et al 2015;Safari et al 2016;Abd El-Naby et al 2019;Duan et al 2020). However, all these studies were performed under normal environmental conditions (in non-stressed individuals), and currently, very limited information is available on the stress ameliorative effect of acidifiers in aquaculture species.…”