Stimulus-specific mechanisms of visual short-term memory

Magnussen, Svein; Greenlee, Mark W.; Asplund, Rolf; Dyrnes, Stein

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90046-8

Cited by 148 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In these tests a subject is asked to compare two stimuli that are separated by some amount of time. The general result of this research has been that the amount of time separating these two stimuli has little or no effect on the discrimination threshold (Bennett & Cortese, 1996;Blake, Cepeda, & Hiris, 1997;Greenlee, Rischewski, Mergner, & Seeger, 1993;Lee & Harris, 1996;Magnussen & Dyrnes, 1994;Magnussen & Greenlee, 1992;Magnussen, Greenlee, Asplund, & Dyrnes, 1990, 1991Magnussen, Greenlee, & Thomas, 1996;Magnussen, Idås, & Myhre, 1998;Magnussen, Landrø, & Johnsen, 1985;Nilson & Nelson, 1981;Regan, 1985;Vogels & Orban, 1986). These findings have been taken as evidence for very good or even "perfect" memory (Magnussen, 2000;Magnussen & Greenlee, 1999;Reinvang, Magnussen, Greenlee, & Larsson, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

On the use of discrimination to assess memory

Skottun¹

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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mentioning

confidence: 63%

On the use of discrimination to assess memory

Skottun¹

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…In addition, stimulus velocity can also be stored in visual short-term memory for durations up to 10 set without loss of precision (Magnussen and Greenlee, 1992). A similar precision in visual short-term memory has been demonstrated for information about the spatial frequency of stationary grating stimuli (Magnussen et al, 1990(Magnussen et al, , 1991, suggesting the possible existence of specialpurpose memory mechanisms for such basic visual stimulus dimensions (Magnussen et al, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Visual short-term memory of stimulus velocity in patients with unilateral posterior brain damage

Greenlee¹,

Lang²,

Mergner³

et al. 1995

J. Neurosci.

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Neurophysiological studies indicate the existence of an area in the extrastriate monkey cortex specialized for the processing of stimulus motion. The present investigation was conducted to determine whether a homologous area exits in the human cortex that underlies the processing and short-term storage of velocity information. Contrast detection and velocity discrimination thresholds were measured in a group of 23 patients with unilateral focal damage to either the lateral occipital, temporal, or posterior parietal cortex. Their results were compared to those of 23 age-matched control subjects. Detection and discrimination thresholds were determined for spatially truncated sinewave gratings presented 4 degrees eccentric of fixation randomly in either the left and right visual fields. Contrast detection thresholds were measured in a spatial two-alternative forced-choice paradigm for three different drift rates (1, 2, and 4 Hz) for leftward and rightward drift directions. Simultaneous velocity discrimination thresholds were determined for reference and test gratings presented 4 degrees left and right of fixation. Sequential velocity discrimination thresholds were measured using a delay, with a interstimulus interval (ISIs) of 1, 3, and 10 sec. In a subset of five patients with superior temporal lobe damage, spatial frequency discrimination thresholds for stationary gratings were also determined. The results indicate the following: (1) contrast detection thresholds for drifting gratings did not significantly differ between the patient and control groups; (2) velocity discrimination thresholds were significantly elevated in the patients; (3) velocity discrimination thresholds significantly increased with increasing ISI in the patients; (4) velocity discrimination thresholds were elevated most when the patients had a lesion in the superior temporal cortex; (5) in the subgroup of five patients with superior temporal lobe damage, spatial frequency discrimination thresholds were not significantly elevated. The results suggest that there is a visual area in the human posterior temporal cortex that is involved in the processing and short-term storage of the velocity of moving visual stimuli.

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“…On average the interval between p 2 and s 2 was only ≈0.75 seconds longer than the interval between p 1 and s 1 . We suspected that this slight increase in delay could not explain the loss in recognition of compound gratings, which is essentially invariant with delays up to ≈10 times as long (Magnussen, Greenlee, Asplund, & Dymes, 1991;Magnussen, Greenlee, & Thomas, 1996;Kahana & Sekuler, 2002). However, we decided to assess directly the possible contribution of pre-probe delay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out of mind, but not out of sight: Intentional control of visual memory

Yotsumoto

Sekuler

2006

Memory & Cognition

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Does visual information enjoy automatic, obligate entry into memory or, after such information has been seen, can it still be actively excluded? To characterize the process by which visual information could be excluded from memory, we used Sternberg's recognition paradigm, measuring visual episodic memory for compound grating stimuli. Because recognition declines as additional study items enter memory, episodic recognition performance provides a sensitive index of memory's contents. Three experiments showed that an item occupying a fixed serial position in a series of study items could be intentionally excluded from memory. Additionally, exclusion does not depend upon low-level information such as stimulus spatial location, orientation or spatial frequency, and does not depend upon the precise timing of irrelevant information, which suggests that the exclusion process is triggered by some event during a trial. The results, interpreted within the framework of a summed similarity model for visual recognition, suggest that exclusion operates after considerable visual processing of the to-be-excluded item.

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Stimulus-specific mechanisms of visual short-term memory

Cited by 148 publications

References 23 publications

On the use of discrimination to assess memory

On the use of discrimination to assess memory

Visual short-term memory of stimulus velocity in patients with unilateral posterior brain damage

Out of mind, but not out of sight: Intentional control of visual memory

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