Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate Crystals: Towards Identifiable Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors Operable up to 600 °C

Streque, Jérémy; Aubert, Thierry; Kokanyan, Ninel; Bartoli, Florian; Taguett, Amine; Polewczyk, Vincent; Kokanyan, Edvard; Hage-Ali, Sami; Boulet, Pascal; Elmazria, O.

doi:10.1109/lsens.2019.2908691

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The behavior and the limits for such situations where temperature gradients occur should be further investigated as well as the long-term temperature stability of the sensors as the sensor material (LN, LT) degrades when exposed to elevated temperatures, especially in chemically reactive atmospheres (e.g., in lab air, NOx, organic carbon based residuals). A possibly way to increase the temperature stability would be to apply a similar design to stoichiometric lithiumniobate [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

Bruckner

Bardong

2019

Sensors

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It has since long been known that surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, resonators as well as delay lines, can be used as passive wireless sensors for physical quantities, like temperature and pressure, as well as gas sensors or identification-tags (ID-tags). The sensors are robust, work passively without a battery, can be applied at high temperatures, and provide a high resolution. Nevertheless, if the devices are used wirelessly in an industrial environment, several constraints have to be taken into account, especially when more than one quantity or device needs to be measured at the same time. The paper addresses the challenges that must be tackled when establishing multi-sensor-wireless-readout for industrial applications. Major issues here are the legal regulations for industrial, scientific and medical frequency bands (ISM-bands), as well as sampling time and costs, which impose severe restrictions to any system design. We describe several design approaches and their constraints. We successfully designed sensors based on reflective delay lines that allow the parallel readout of four independent temperature sensors in the 2.45 GHz ISM-band. These devices were fabricated and positively tested, demonstrating the applicability of SAW sensors for industrial applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

Bruckner

Bardong

2019

Sensors

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“…in lab air, NOx, organic carbon based residuals). A possibly way to increase the temperature stability would be to apply a similar design to stoichiometric Lithiumniobate [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

Bruckner¹,

Bardong²

2019

Preprint

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It is since long known, that SAW devices, resonators as well as delay lines, can be used as passive wireless sensors for physical quantities like temperature and pressure as well as gas sensors or ID-Tags. The sensors are robust, work passively without battery, can be applied at high temperatures and provide a high resolution. Nevertheless, if the devices should be readout wirelessly in an industrial environment, several constraints have to be taken into account, especially when more than one quantity or device needs to be measured at the same time. The paper addresses the challenges that have to be tackled when establishing multi-sensor-wireless-readout for industrial applications. Major issues here are the legal ISM-band regulations, as well as sampling time and costs, which impose severe restrictions to any system design. We describe several design approaches and their constraints. We have successfully designed sensors based on reflective delay lines that allow the parallel readout of four independent temperature sensors in the 2.45 GHz ISM-band. These devices have been fabricated, positively tested and demonstrate the applicability of SAW sensors for industrial applications.

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“…For high and very high temperature applications, active sensors are no longer suitable due to the limits of their integrated circuits and the choice is directed towards SAW devices, when wired solutions are not possible. The usual piezoelectric materials (substrates) for SAW devices such as quartz [ 9 ] may not be suitable for sensors operating at very high temperatures, and the potential of lithium niobate in congruent [ 10 , 11 ] and stoichiometric [ 12 ] formulations requires more investigations. Studies have shown that Langasite (LGS) is able to operate at temperatures above 900 °C without losing its piezoelectric properties [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FEM Modeling of the Temperature Influence on the Performance of SAW Sensors Operating at GigaHertz Frequency Range and at High Temperature Up to 500 °C

Ondo

Blampain

Mbourou

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this work, we present a two-dimensional Finite Element Method (2D-FEM) model implemented on a commercial software, COMSOL Multiphysics, that is used to predict the high temperature behavior of surface acoustic wave sensors based on layered structures. The model was validated by using a comparative study between experimental and simulated results. Here, surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors consist in one-port synchronous resonators, based on the Pt/AlN/Sapphire structure and operating in the 2.45-GHz Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band. Experimental characterizations were carried out using a specific probe station that can perform calibrated measurements from room temperature to 500 °C. In our model, we consider a pre-validated set of physical constants of AlN and Sapphire and we take into account the existence of propagation losses in the studied structure. Our results show a very good agreement between the simulation and experiments in the full range of investigated temperatures, and for all key parameters of the SAW sensor such as insertion losses, resonance frequency, electromechanical factor of the structure (k2) and quality factor (Q). Our study shows that k2 increases with the temperature, while Q decreases. The resonance frequency variation with temperature shows a good linearity, which is very useful for temperature sensing applications. The measured value of the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) is equal to −38.6 ppm/°C, which is consistent with the numerical predictions.

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Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate Crystals: Towards Identifiable Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors Operable up to 600 °C

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

Wireless Readout of Multiple SAW Temperature Sensors

FEM Modeling of the Temperature Influence on the Performance of SAW Sensors Operating at GigaHertz Frequency Range and at High Temperature Up to 500 °C

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