Stoichiometry of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen in the particulate matter of the western North Pacific marginal seas

Chen, Chen‐Tung Arthur; Lin, C.-S.; Huang, Being-Ta; Chang, Liuwen

doi:10.1016/0304-4203(96)00021-7

Cited by 87 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Estimated fractions of organic carbon degradation through pelagic sulfate reduction are presented in Table S2. Sulfur is also required by organisms as a nutrient for protein synthesis, and typical modern marine organic matter has a C:S of 48:1 (31). In the absence of other sulfur sources, organisms would meet their nutrient S quotas through assimilatory sulfate reduction, which at primary production rates of 1.39 mol C m -2 yr -1 would occur at a rate of 0.013 mol S m -2 yr -1 , (35.6 x 10 -5 mol S m -2 d -1 ).…”

Section: Biogeochemical Implications For Low Seawater Sulfatementioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate was a trace constituent of Archean seawater

Crowe

Paris

Katsev

et al. 2014

Science

275

202

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Dissecting ancient microbial sulfur cycling Before the rise of oxygen, life on Earth depended on the marine sulfur cycle. The fractionation of different sulfur isotopes provides clues to which biogeochemical cycles were active long ago (see the Perspective by Ueno). Zhelezinskaia et al. found negative isotope anomalies in Archean rocks from Brazil and posit that metabolic fluxes from sulfate-reducing microorganisms influenced the global sulfur cycle, including sulfur in the atmosphere. In contrast, Paris et al. found positive isotope anomalies in Archean sediments from South Africa, implying that the marine sulfate pool was more disconnected from atmospheric sulfur. As an analog for the Archean ocean, Crowe et al. measured sulfur isotope signatures in modern Lake Matano, Indonesia, and suggest that low seawater sulfate concentrations restricted early microbial activity. Science , this issue p. 703 , p. 742 , p. 739 ; see also p. 735

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Section: Biogeochemical Implications For Low Seawater Sulfatementioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate was a trace constituent of Archean seawater

Crowe

Paris

Katsev

et al. 2014

Science

275

202

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This precursor synthesis excretes equivalent Na + and/or Ca 2+ alkalinity, as Na 2 SO 4 reduction/formation to DMS generates Na alkalinity; NaCl oxidation/formation to MC also generates Na alkalinity: cations formerly bound to SO 2− 4 or Cl − lose their anions, producing alkalinity. According to Chen et al (1996) and Fujita (1971) the sulfur content of phytoplankton exclusively exceeds the Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and K + alkaline load of phytoplankton lost with the phytoplankton debris. Only half of the organic carbon assimilated by phytoplankton derives from dissolved CO 2 .…”

Section: Oxidation Of Ch 4 and Other Ghgs By Sunlit Solid Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate engineering by mimicking natural dust climate control: the iron salt aerosol method

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Power stations, ships and air traffic are among the most potent greenhouse gas emitters and are primarily responsible for global warming. Iron salt aerosols (ISAs), composed partly of iron and chloride, exert a cooling effect on climate in several ways. This article aims firstly to examine all direct and indirect natural climate cooling mechanisms driven by ISA tropospheric aerosol particles, showing their cooperation and interaction within the different environmental compartments. Secondly, it looks at a proposal to enhance the cooling effects of ISA in order to reach the optimistic target of the Paris climate agreement to limit the global temperature increase between 1.5 and 2 • C.Mineral dust played an important role during the glacial periods; by using mineral dust as a natural analogue tool and by mimicking the same method used in nature, the proposed ISA method might be able to reduce and stop climate warming. The first estimations made in this article show that by doubling the current natural iron emissions by ISA into the troposphere, i.e., by about 0.3 Tg Fe yr −1 , artificial ISA would enable the prevention or even reversal of global warming. The ISA method proposed integrates technical and economically feasible tools.

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“…According to Fig. 9, most respiration quotients ( 0excess CO 2 : AOU) at Site M fell in the range of 0.62Á0.90, which was stoichiometric ratio of aerobic biological respiration in the environment with abundance of HCO 3 ( (Chen et al, 1996;Taylor et al, 2003;Zhai et al, 2005). We can make it sure based on estimated uncertainty of C w and lack of duplicate C w measurements.…”

Section: Gas Transfer Velocites Of Ch 4 and Comentioning

confidence: 96%