Stop and Search in 2004: A Survey of Police Officer Views and Experiences

Qureshi, Faiza; Farrell, Graham

doi:10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.83

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The current study examines the use of stop and search in Scotland, where the practice has been under increased scrutiny in recent years (e.g., Genevieve & Murray, 2018), but comparatively little has been written about it versus England and the United States (cf., McAra & McVie, 2005). This research extends existing work on police officer perspectives on stop and search (e.g., Qureshi & Farrell, 2006) and civilian views on the practice in isolation (e.g., Smith & Gray, 1985), by comparing and contrasting the views of officers conducting the searches with the views of young people who are subject to them. Based on qualitative fieldwork and interviews with officers and civilians, we examine the extent to which officers believe in the tactic and how much stop and search procedures in Scotland are underpinned by a focus on procedural justice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

The Lived Experience of Stop and Search in Scotland: There Are Two Sides to Every Story

2019

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This article presents data emerging from ethnographic research that sought to explore the extent to which stop and search procedures in Scotland are underpinned by a focus on procedural justice and the impact they have on young people. Data were collected via participant observation of police deployments and semi-structured interviews with 23 law enforcement officers and 46 young people. The emerging insights suggested that differential views on and approaches to policing in different parts of the country were leading to varying experiences of stop and search and procedural justice. The young people interviewed in the east of the country had more positive relationships with the police and a stronger belief in procedural justice. Conversely, the tendency to use stop and search as a deterrent from crime in the west of Scotland resulted in deteriorated relationships, institutionalization of the use of the tactic, and a perceived lack of procedural justice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

The Lived Experience of Stop and Search in Scotland: There Are Two Sides to Every Story

2019

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“…Colwell, Miller, Lyons, and Miller (2006) find that officers state their formal and informal training for detecting deception occurred at the police academy, training seminars, ''on the job,'' through college or university courses, and based on ''life experiences.'' Similarly, the research by Qureshi and Farrell (2006) on training for vehicle stops and searches finds training on this aspect of police work occurring in formal classes, daily briefings, as well as ''practical'' types of training (i.e., informal guidance received from fellow officers). Researcher-driven studies discuss police training within the categories of academy and in-service training (i.e., refresher, requalification, advanced, and career development training for promotion purposes).…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Content and Adequacy of Specialized Police Training to Handle Youth-Related Incidents

Schulenberg

Warren

2009

International Criminal Justice Review

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Examinations of specialized police training to handle youth-related incidents are typically approached with researcher-defined concepts rather than key concepts derived from the perceptions of police officers. In response to disagreements in the literature on the usefulness and applicability of training for specific law enforcement functions, this research builds on previous literature by investigating the content and perceived adequacy of specialized training received based on their duty assignment. A grounded theory analysis of 59 interviews conducted in 2002, with 67 Canadian police officers who received training from one of the two training facilities (Justice Institute of British Columbia and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police [RCMP] Depot) finds similarities and differences in the perceptions of training content and adequacy for training, supervisory, and frontline personnel. The differences are most pronounced between the trainers and practitioners than they are between supervisors and frontline officers. Definitions of training adequacy are considerably conditioned by the informal socialization process in the police culture. The data suggest that the academy focus on training generalists has the effect of increasing the impact and importance of informal socialization by field training officers on officer perceptions and procedures for handling youth-related incidents.T he law enforcement profession is complex and entails a multitude of roles and duties.Aside from knowledge of specific laws and procedures, and their applications, police officers are expected to be proficient in a myriad of special skills and in handling all types of populations. To accumulate the knowledge and skills necessary to perform their job effectively, police officers rely on training received both pre-service at a training academy and in-service once employed and on active duty. As a result, academy training is typically geared toward training generalists and in-service training focuses on recertification (e.g., firearms) or skills required for promotion in rank or duty assignment.The law enforcement profession has progressively evolved to better address crime prevention initiatives and targeted responses to crime (e.g., school liaison/resource officers Downloaded from often act in both capacities). In both these areas, attention has been paid to preventing and responding to youth crime. As Sir Francis Bacon stated many years ago, ''knowledge is power'' so too is specialized training for police officers to equip them with various skills and resources to respond to special populations such as children and youth.The difficulty in assessing the efficacy of specialized training for handling youth-related incidents is the paucity of research on the (a) perceptions of officers who have received this type of training, and (b) its utility in their day-to-day work. The current research looks at these very issues by examining the form, extent, and adequacy of specialized youth training that Canadian officers have received both at the trainin...

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“…There have been numerous published documents recounting the history of the development of stop and search legislation and reforms (e.g. see Delsol & Shiner, 2006;Reid, 2009;Sanders & Young, 2007;Qureshi et al, 2006), so this section of the article will focus on issues directly concerned with s 1 of PACE's 'reasonable grounds for suspicion' in the stop and search context. Section 1 of PACE 1984 was criticised in a number of ways; for example, for failing to regulate the discretionary practices of police officers, for the lack of consideration for informal working practices during street-level policing and for the lack of clarity regarding the criteria for reasonable suspicion (Dixon et al, 1989;McConville et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stop and Search: Disproportionality, Discretion and Generalisations

Ellis

2010

The Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles

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STOP AND SEARCH: DISPROPORTIONALITY, DISCRETION AND GENERALISATIONSIt has long been recognised that discretion is vital to good police work. However, in Britain (and many other countries), practices of discretion in the stop and search context have come under much scrutiny as it has widely been linked to racist practices, i.e. a disproportionate amount of Black and minority ethnic individuals are stopped and searched compared to White people. In a bid to counteract the discretionary practices that are seen to be linked to racist stops and searches, police officers are required (in stops and searches under section 1 of the PACE code A) to have 'reasonable grounds for suspicion'. This article evaluates what has been claimed as the tension between the required reasonable grounds for suspicion and the need to draw on generalisations (police discretion) for effective policing.

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Stop and Search in 2004: A Survey of Police Officer Views and Experiences

Abstract: The capacity to stop and search citizens is a key part of the police crime reduction repertoire. This study presents findings from a survey of all police officers at one

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

The Lived Experience of Stop and Search in Scotland: There Are Two Sides to Every Story

The Lived Experience of Stop and Search in Scotland: There Are Two Sides to Every Story

Content and Adequacy of Specialized Police Training to Handle Youth-Related Incidents

Stop and Search: Disproportionality, Discretion and Generalisations

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