Storage Protein Synthesis

Thompson, Richard

doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0023693

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The mobilization of reserved proteins, carbohydrates and lipids is crucial for germination efficiency and establishment of seedlings (Thompson 2018). Abud et al (2017 pointed out that the proteins constitute one of the main reserve components in C. annuum seeds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineapple stem-derived bromelain based priming improves pepper seed protein reserve mobilization, germination, emergence and plant growth

Pérez

Acosta

Nápoles

et al. 2021

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Pepper seeds are slow to germinate and emergence is often non-uniform and incomplete, reducing gains from this cash crop. This study investigated the effects of pineapple stem-derived protease (stem bromelain) based priming on pepper seed germination in relation to reserve mobilization (specifically, proteins and amino acids), germination, emergence and plant growth. These parameters were compared across two controls, (1) unsoaked seeds and (2) seeds soaked in deionized water, and seeds soaked in pineapple stem bromelain crude extract (treatment). Seeds were soaked in bromelain crude extract possessing a proteolytic activity of 6.25 tU or deionized water (first control) for 3 h at 35 °C. Light microscopy revealed an abundance of protein bodies in the endosperm of the seeds prior to imbibition. When observed for a period of 96 h, these bodies were progressively degraded, with the rate of this degradation being fastest in bromelain-treated seeds. Quantitative analysis of protein levels confirmed this observation: 17.2 mg proteins/g FW at 120 h after priming in bromelain-treated seeds compared with 22.1 mg/g FW in controls (average). The bromelain treatment also increased levels of free amino acids from 3.9 mg/g FW in the controls to 4.6 mg/g FW after 120 h of imbibition. Germination and emergence percentages were initially higher in bromelain-treated seeds: 92.0% germination in bromelain-treated seeds vs. * 52.2% in the controls at 18 d; 100% emergence in protease-treated seeds vs. * 72.2% in the controls at 18 d. However, these parameters were comparable across the treatment and the controls at 28 d. Importantly, plant fresh and dry weights were significantly higher when seeds were primed with bromelain. The results suggest the use of bromelain extracts for priming pepper seeds based on their proteolytic activity, since germination is dependent on the availability of crude protein and essential amino acids. The benefits of bromelain seed priming appear to translate into improved seedling growth as well.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineapple stem-derived bromelain based priming improves pepper seed protein reserve mobilization, germination, emergence and plant growth

Pérez

Acosta

Nápoles

et al. 2021

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mobilization of reserves (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) is crucial for germination e ciency and establishment of seedlings (Thompson 2018). Abud et al (2017) pointed out that proteins constitute one of the main reserve components in Capsicum annuum L. seeds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineapple stem-derived bromelain based priming improves pepper seed protein reserve mobilization and germination

Perez¹,

Acosta²,

Nápoles³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Pepper fruit has a great agronomic, nutritional and commercial value given that it is rich in antioxidant compounds such as carotenes, and vitamins C and E. However, pepper seeds are slow to germinate and emergence is often non-uniform and incomplete. Seed priming and invigoration treatments have been explored for a number of pepper varieties but success has been variable and generally limited. The present report describes the effects of pineapple stem – derived protease (stem bromelain) based priming on pepper seed germination in relation to reserve mobilization (specifically, proteins and aminoacids). Germination capacity in bromelain treated seeds was significantly higher on days 7, 14 and 21 than in unsoaked (control) and deionized water-soaked seeds but comparable across the treatments and the control on day 28. Germination rate was significantly highest in bromelain treated seeds. Light microscopy revealed an abundance of protein bodies in the endosperm of the seeds investigated at before imbibition and when observed over a period of 96 h, these bodies were progressively degraded, with the rate of this degradation being fastest in bromelain treated seeds. Quantitative measurements of protein levels (and free amino content) confirmed this observation. The results motivate the use of bromelain extracts for priming pepper seeds based on their proteolytic activity, since germination is dependent on the availability of crude protein and essential amino acids.

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Recent Advances in the Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering of Storage Lipids and Proteins in Seeds

McDonald,

Singer,

Chen

2024

Functional Materials From Lipids and Proteins

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During plant seed maturation, a key developmental step is the storage of biomolecules that remain within the embryo throughout dormancy and provide the necessary metabolites to support seedling growth. Seed storage lipids and proteins are among the most valuable materials for food, industrial, and other applications. Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the major storage lipid in most terrestrial plants and is an energy-dense molecule. TAGs are composed of one glycerol backbone esterified to three fatty acid (FA) tails and are highly abundant in the seeds of oleaginous plants. Seed storage proteins (SSPs) are polymers of amino acids (AAs) for nutrient storage and have a great variety of properties and compositions. Due to a growing global population and the climate-related need for petrochemical alternatives and non-animal protein sources, the demand for plant-sourced oils and proteins is steadily increasing. As such, there are strong research interests in exploring the biosynthesis and regulation of plant storage lipids and proteins and, subsequently, in using the knowledge gained to increase their accumulation and quality. In this chapter, we outline the current understanding of seed storage lipid and protein biosynthesis in higher plants, as well as promising genetic engineering strategies for optimizing the content and composition of these storage molecules.

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Storage Protein Synthesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Pineapple stem-derived bromelain based priming improves pepper seed protein reserve mobilization, germination, emergence and plant growth

Pineapple stem-derived bromelain based priming improves pepper seed protein reserve mobilization, germination, emergence and plant growth

Pineapple stem-derived bromelain based priming improves pepper seed protein reserve mobilization and germination

Recent Advances in the Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering of Storage Lipids and Proteins in Seeds

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