Strain-induced martensitic transformation in stainless steels: A three-dimensional phase-field study

Yeddu, Hemantha Kumar; Lookman, Turab; Saxena, Avadh

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.011

Cited by 53 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…For instance, within the Ginzburg-Landau theory [32], the primary order parameters may be used to describe either some components of the strain tensor or atomic shuffles. In the first approach, the free energy density is a polynomial in terms of strain components [33][34][35][36][37][38], while in the second approach, the free energy is a Landau polynomial in terms of atomic shuffles plus a linear or quadratic term which couples order parameters and the strain tensor [19,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. A third approach may be worth mentioning here, which uses the same order parameters as in the aforementioned second approach, but it couples the strain tensor components to the order parameter(s) through a 2-3-4 or higher-order polynomial [47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of variant strain accommodation on the three-dimensional microstructure formation during martensitic transformation: Application to zirconia

2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of variant strain accommodation on the three-dimensional microstructure formation during martensitic transformation: Application to zirconia

2015

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“…That martensite readily nucleates at densely stacked dislocation arrays has been widely accepted [48][49][50][51], and the potency of this nucleation site was proposed to be determined by the dislocation quantity in the array and the nucleus requires a critical quantity of dislocations inside to be sufficiently potent [52]. Therefore, besides austenite grain boundaries, where densely stacked dislocation arrays can be accommodated, intragranular dislocation arrays introduced by austenite deformation can also act as nucleation sites for the martensitic transformation.…”

Section: Transition From Bf To Afmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions for the occurrence of acicular ferrite transformation in HSLA steels

2017

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For the class of steels collectively known as high strength low alloy (HSLA), an acicular ferrite (AF) microstructure produces an excellent combination of strength and toughness. The conditions for the occurrence of the AF transformation are, however, still unclear, especially the effects of austenite deformation and continuous cooling. In this research, a commercial HSLA steel was used and subjected to deformation via plane strain compression with strains ranging from 0 to 0.5 and continuous cooling at rates between 5 and 50°C s -1 . Based on the results obtained from optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron backscattering diffraction mapping, the introduction of intragranular nucleation sites and the suppression of bainitic ferrite (BF) laths lengthening were identified as the two key requirements for the occurrence of AF transformation. Austenite deformation is critical to meet these two conditions as it introduces a high density of dislocations that act as intragranular nucleation sites and deformation substructures, which suppress the lengthening of BF laths through the mechanism of mechanical stabilisation of austenite. However, the suppression effect of austenite deformation is only observed under relatively slow cooling rates or high transformation temperatures, i.e., conditions where the driving force for advancing the transformation interface is not sufficient to overcome the austenite deformation substructures.

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“…Fitting α X to linearize the dataset, permitted obtaining M X by linear regression. The values of α X approaching 2 strongly suggest that in these "athermal" transformations, self-accommodation (variant-selection) is important [35][36][37][38] .…”

Section: Time-independent ("Athermal") Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we propose that a X =2 links to the formation of grouped units in auto-accommodated (shape-strain relaxing arrangements) [36][37][38][39][40] . This autocatalytic process may as well as relate to stress-assisted martensite nucleation in a plastic zone forming adjacent to a propagation event 41 .…”

Section: The Autocatalytic Pathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autocatalysis, Entropic Aspects and the Martensite Transformation Curve in Iron-Base Alloys

Guimarães

Rios

2017

Mat. Res.

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This study advances a methodology that consolidates the description of time-dependent (isothermal) as well as time-independent (athermal) martensitic transformation curves. Our model is applied in an extended 3-space, thus permitting inclusion of the effects of autocatalysis on nucleation to be distinguished from the initiation of the transformation, as influenced by entropic barriers. Autocatalysis is then considered as a mechanism for circumventing the effect of the latter. The utility of this proposed mathematical formalism was validated with a database consisting of seven different steels that transform athermally or isothermally.

show abstract

Strain-induced martensitic transformation in stainless steels: A three-dimensional phase-field study

Cited by 53 publications

References 63 publications

Effect of variant strain accommodation on the three-dimensional microstructure formation during martensitic transformation: Application to zirconia

Effect of variant strain accommodation on the three-dimensional microstructure formation during martensitic transformation: Application to zirconia

Conditions for the occurrence of acicular ferrite transformation in HSLA steels

Autocatalysis, Entropic Aspects and the Martensite Transformation Curve in Iron-Base Alloys

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