Strain Rate Sensitivity of Polycarbonate and Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Various 3D Printing Temperatures and Layer Heights

Vidakis, Nectarios; Petousis, Markos; Korlos, Apostolos; Velidakis, Emmanouil; Mountakis, Nikolaos; Charou, Chrisa; Myftari, Adrian

doi:10.3390/polym13162752

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…They also provide sufficient strength to the final objects, giving them versatility, too [ 43 ]. The scientific literature reports a mechanical resistance, in terms of tensile strength, between 1.5 MPa and 150 MPa [ 41 , 45 , 48 , 49 , 53 , 57 ].…”

Section: Materials For Fff Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Polymer-Based Materials for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF): Focus on Sustainability and Recycled Materials

et al. 2022

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Recently, Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), one of the most encouraging additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, has fascinated great attention. Although FFF is growing into a manufacturing device with considerable technological and material innovations, there still is a challenge to convert FFF-printed prototypes into functional objects for industrial applications. Polymer components manufactured by FFF process possess, in fact, low and anisotropic mechanical properties, compared to the same parts, obtained by using traditional building methods. The poor mechanical properties of the FFF-printed objects could be attributed to the weak interlayer bond interface that develops during the layer deposition process and to the commercial thermoplastic materials used. In order to increase the final properties of the 3D printed models, several polymer-based composites and nanocomposites have been proposed for FFF process. However, even if the mechanical properties greatly increase, these materials are not all biodegradable. Consequently, their waste disposal represents an important issue that needs an urgent solution. Several scientific researchers have therefore moved towards the development of natural or recyclable materials for FFF techniques. This review details current progress on innovative green materials for FFF, referring to all kinds of possible industrial applications, and in particular to the field of Cultural Heritage.

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Section: Materials For Fff Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Polymer-Based Materials for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF): Focus on Sustainability and Recycled Materials

et al. 2022

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“…Among AM techniques, owing to its low operational and material costs [ 3 , 29 ], FFF is the most widely utilized, accounting for 96% of global 3D printer sales in 2016 [ 30 ]. FFF is a material extrusion method, for thermoplastic polymers and composite materials in a melted state [ 31 ]. The FFF with the sudden pandemic situation developed in the spring of 2020 has exhibited mass-scale production potential [ 5 , 32 – 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical response assessment of antibacterial PA12/TiO2 3D printed parts: parameters optimization through artificial neural networks modeling

Vidakis

Petousis

Mountakis

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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This study investigates the mechanical response of antibacterial PA12/TiO 2 nanocomposite 3D printed specimens by varying the TiO 2 loading in the filament, raster deposition angle, and nozzle temperature. The prediction of the antibacterial and mechanical performance of such nanocomposites is a challenging field, especially nowadays with the covid-19 pandemic dilemma. The experimental work in this study utilizes a fully factorial design approach to analyze the effect of three parameters on the mechanical response of 3D printed components. Therefore, all combinations of these three parameters were tested, resulting in twenty-seven independent experiments, in which each combination was repeated three times (a total of eighty-one experiments). The antibacterial performance of the fabricated PA12/TiO 2 nanocomposite materials was confirmed, and regression and arithmetic artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed and validated for mechanical response prediction. The analysis of the results showed that an increase in the TiO 2 % loading decreased the mechanical responses but increased the antibacterial performance of the nanocomposites. In addition, higher nozzle temperatures and zero deposition angles optimize the mechanical performance of all TiO 2 % nanocomposites. Independent experiments evaluated the proposed models with mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) similar to the ANN models. These findings and the interaction charts show a strong interaction between the studied parameters. Therefore, the authors propose the improvement of predictions by utilizing artificial neural network models and genetic algorithms as future work and the spreading of the experimental area with extra variable parameters and levels.

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“…Among all AM technologies, FFF has attracted much interest not only in the academic and engineering world [ 8 ], but also as an emerging mass-market product [ 9 ]. The raw materials used in the FFF method are in filament form [ 10 ]. Intense interest has emerged in the last decade in the development of composite materials [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical-Grade Polyamide 12 Nanocomposite Materials for Enhanced Mechanical and Antibacterial Performance in 3D Printing Applications

et al. 2022

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, wide use of 3D printing technologies has been enabled. Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is the most widely used technique in 3D printing communities worldwide for the fabrication of medical components such as face shields and respiratory valves. In the current study, the potential of Polyamide 12 (PA12) silver-doped antibacterial nanopowder (AgDANP) nanocomposites is evaluated for everyday FFF usage. Filling loadings of 1.0-2.0-3.0 and 4.0 wt.% were selected for nanocomposite preparation. Mechanical performance analysis was conducted on the basis of tensile, flexural, impact, and Vickers microhardness measurements in FFF 3D-printed specimens. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images were used for morphology and processing evaluation, as well as thermal performance measurements, conducted by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) tests. Finally, the antibacterial performance was tested using the agar-well diffusion screening method, and the shape effect of the specimens was also investigated. The addition of 2.0 wt.% AgDANPs resulted in an enhancement of approximately 27% for both tensile and flexural stresses, while the antibacterial performance was sufficiently high among the nanocomposites tested. The shape effect exhibited the potential for antibacterial performance at low filling ratios, while the effect was diminished with increasing filler of AgDANPs.

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Strain Rate Sensitivity of Polycarbonate and Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Various 3D Printing Temperatures and Layer Heights

Cited by 41 publications

References 65 publications

A Review of Polymer-Based Materials for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF): Focus on Sustainability and Recycled Materials

A Review of Polymer-Based Materials for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF): Focus on Sustainability and Recycled Materials

Mechanical response assessment of antibacterial PA12/TiO2 3D printed parts: parameters optimization through artificial neural networks modeling

Medical-Grade Polyamide 12 Nanocomposite Materials for Enhanced Mechanical and Antibacterial Performance in 3D Printing Applications

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