Stratal slicing, Part I: Realistic 3-D seismic model

Abstract

Two‐dimensional, fenced 2-D, and 3-D isosurface displays of some realistic 3-D seismic models built in the lower Miocene Powderhorn Field, Calhoun County, Texas, demonstrate that a seismic event does not necessarily follow an impedance boundary defined by a geological time surface. Instead, the position of a filtered impedance boundary relative to the geological time surface may vary with seismic frequency because of inadequate resolution of seismic data and to the en echelon or ramp arrangement of impedance anomalies of sandstone. Except for some relatively time‐parallel seismic events, the correlation error of event picking is large enough to distort or even miss the majority of the target zone on stratal slices. In some cases, reflections from sandstone bodies in different depositional units interfere to form a single event and, in one instance, an event tying as many as six depositional units (interbedded sandy and shaly layers) over 50 m was observed. Frequency independence is a necessary condition for selecting time‐parallel reference events. Instead of event picking, phantom mapping between such reference events is a better technique for picking stratal slices, making it possible to map detailed depositional facies within reservoir sequences routinely and reliably from 3-D seismic data.

Empirical relationship between river slope and the elongation of bars in braided rivers: a potential tool for paleoslope analysis from subsurface data

“…In the DaGang area of the Bohaiwan Basin (North-East China), Zhang et al (2009Zhang et al ( , 2010 have applied technologies of 90° phasing (Zeng and Backus, 2005) and stratal slicing (Zeng, Backus, Barrow andTyler, 1998, Zeng, et al, 1998) to Neogene subsurface units. In their study, these authors interpret macroforms from seismics (figure 4A, Zhang et al, 2014), which they suggest represent braid-bars that provide an opportunity to apply the relationship between average bar morphology and slope (equation 3).…”

Seismic sedimentology and its application in shallow sea area, gentle slope belt of Chengning uplift

“…Seismic sedimentology was advanced by Zeng et al (1998a). It was defined as "the use of seismic data in the research of sedimentary facies and its forming" (Zeng et al, 1998b).…”

The Seismic Sedimentology Application Research on Junggar Basin

“…The different frequency of seismic data reflects different geological information. The low frequency information reflects more lithology interfaces and high-frequency reflects more isochronal sediment interface information [1] [2] [3] [5] [6]. This breakthrough discovery has improved the connotation and extension of seismic stratigraphy, and provided a theoretical foundation of seismic sedimentology development and support for the identification and descriptions of subtle reservoirs.…”

“…It is used to study sedimentary physical attributes, shape distribution and evolution by sequence stratigraphy, stratigraphic sections, seismic attribute analysis and geomorphology [1] [2] [3] [4].…”