Strategies for the treatment of dairy cows at high risk for postpartum metritis and for the treatment of clinical endometritis in Argentina

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of (1) administering ceftiofur hydrochloride in dairy cows with calving-related disorders to prevent metritis and (2) a combination of GnRH and PGF2α for the treatment of clinical endometritis, under Argentinean dairy farming conditions. Cows at high risk (HRC) for metritis (dystocia, RFM >12 h postpartum, hypocalcaemia, twins, or stillbirth) were randomly assigned to receive either 1.1 mg/Kg of ceftiofur hydrochloride on three consecutive days (HRC treated group HRCT, n = 110) or remained untreated (HRC control group HRCC, n = 126). Cows with low risk (LRC, no calving-related disorders, n = 868) did not receive any treatment (LRC group, n = 868). All cows were examined for metritis between days 4 and 10 and for clinical endometritis between 24 and 30 days postpartum. The body condition score (BCS) was recorded at both examinations. Cows with endometritis at days 24 to 30 postpartum received either 1.5 mg of D-cloprostenol (PGF; n = 129) or 100 μg of GnRH followed by D-cloprostenol after 7 days (GnRH+PGF, n = 119). There was no overall effect of treatment on the incidence of metritis or on time to pregnancy. Treatment, however, reduced the incidence of metritis in cows with high BCS (HRCT = 24.0 %, HRCC = 38.5 %) but had no effect in cows with low BCS (HRCT = 38.7 %, HRCC = 37.5 %). The proportion of pregnant cows by days in milk was greater (P < 0.01) in LRC group compared with that of the HRCT and HRCC groups. No significant differences were found between groups PG and PG+GNRH. GnRH+PGF treatment, however, tended (P = 0.06) to increase pregnancy rate in cows with a moderate loss of BCS (76.5 vs 65.2 %) but tended to reduce pregnancy rate (54.5 vs 76.0 %) in cows with a more pronounced loss in BCS (>0.75 points).

Influence of endometritis on milk yield of zero-grazed dairy cows on smallholder farms in Rwanda

“…The former is commonly and extensively used with different veterinary drugs (VD). These VD include antimicrobials (Ceftiofur hydrochloride, oxytetracycline, procaine penicillin G and dihydrostreptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline hydrochloride and cephapirin) ( Bartolome, Khalloub, de la Sota, Drillich & Melendez, 2014 ; Kasimanickam et al., 2005 ; Okawa et al., 2017 ; Pierre, 2010 , Kumar & Purohit, 2019 , Manimaran et al., 2019 ), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (Phenylbutazone) ( Tek et al., 2010 ); and hormones (Prostaglandins) ( Ahmadi, Mogheiseh, Mirzaei, Nazifi & Fallah, 2018 ; Makki, Ahmadi, Gheisari & Nazifi, 2017 ). In the latter, different phytotherapeutic agents used include Tinosporacordifolia, Withaniasomnifera, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, Allium sativum, and Azadirachtaindica ( Mandhwani et al., 2017 ; Bakare et al., 2020 ).…”

<b>Measuring rumination and physical activity as a tool for fresh cows health monitoring</b>

“…Twinning was related with stillbirth in our study, 17.7% of twin calvings had at least one stillborn calf, while only 3.4% of singletons were born dead. It has been shown that cows delivering stillborn D i s c u s s i o n | 124 calves are at higher risk of developing metritis and retained placenta (BARTOLOME et al, 2014;BICALHO et al, 2007a), and this was supported by our data because 48.1% and 11.1%…”

Analysis of puerperal metritis treatment records in a grazing dairy farm in Argentina

“…Puerperal metritis (PM) is one of the most common and the cost liest postpartum diseases in dairy cows [1][2] [3]. It reduces fertil ity and milk production [2] [4], and rises treatment cost, discard ed milk costs, and labor costs [2] [4]. Furthermore, PM increases the number of dead or culled cows from the herd during the first 100 days of lactation which is the most profitable period of a dairy cow lactation and therefore increasing replacement costs [2][5] [6].…”