Strategies for urban drought risk management: a comparison of 10 large cities

Buurman, Joost; Mens, Marjolein; Dahm, Ruben

doi:10.1080/07900627.2016.1138398

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Climate changes may also affect cities indirectly by reduced agricultural production and disturbed food security as well as a reduced snowpack accumulation limiting river network reinforcement [25]. The recommended method for drought mitigation is an approach based on risk management [26,27,2]. According to this approach, the applied measures focus on supressing the probability of hazard occurrence and reducing its consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observed and projected changes in a climate are likely to impact water resources [1]. The sustainable growth of cities depends on reliable water supply systems that are able to meet water demands and are robust enough to cope with drought [2]. Drought is defined as a sustained and regionally extensive occurrence of below average natural water availability [3] resulting from a range of phenomena which starts from precipitation deficit propagating over time and affecting the successive components of a hydrological cycle [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cities the scarcity of water resources can also be associated with poor water management caused by the systematic growth of impervious area that increases the surface runoff and reduces water storage in soils. Droughts in urban areas represent situations that require action from water managers to avoid a potential water shortage or to manage the current one [2]. For effective drought management it is advocated to apply a risk approach based on drought hazard estimation and drought consequences in order to identify and apply measures to counteract drought and drought related consequences through preparation, response/recovery and adaptation planning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban drought

2018

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Drought is recognized as one of the most complex natural hazards that have a large negative impact on society, economic sectors and the environment. Drought events affect freshwater resources and can become a great threat to urban water supply systems. According to climate change projections with an increase of air temperature and duration of dry periods, cities may experience a serious water shortage in the future that can limit sustainable urban development. Water-related consequences in urban areas can concern various socio-economic sectors as well as urban ecosystems. This paper focuses on drought in urban areas as an event of below-average natural water availability that can result in difficulties in meeting the water needs of socio-economic sectors and ecosystems particularly vulnerable to drought. Drought vulnerable sectors were identified within the local context of the City of Wroclaw area. Long-term analyses of meteorological and hydrological indicators were performed in order to estimate the drought hazard in Wrocław. A combination of water shortage hazard and the vulnerability of water users were the basis to assess local drought risks. Reducing the drought risk requires coherent actions from both city and water managers. The paper presents a set of recommendable measures to avoid potential water shortages and to cope with impacts of drought in the Wroclaw area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban drought

2018

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“…Among the myriad threats that are expected to intensify under the effects of climate change is an increased risk of urban water supply shortages, wherein water supplies and/or infrastructure are temporarily incapable of meeting a city's water demand (Buurman et al, 2017; Cromwell et al, 2007; Ginley & Ralston, 2010). In the coming decades, the combination of increased variability in meteorological conditions and a warming Earth is expected to produce an increase in the frequency of severe warm and dry conditions across climate types (Sarhadi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curbing the Summer Surge: Permanent Outdoor Water Use Restrictions in Humid and Semiarid Cities

Finley

Basu

2020

Water Resources Research

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As urban droughts make headlines across the globe, it is increasingly relevant to critically evaluate the long‐term sustainability of both water supply and demand in the world's cities. This is the case even in water‐rich regions, where upward swings in water demands during periods of hot, dry weather can aggravate already strained water supplies and increase cities' vulnerability to water shortage. Summer spikes in water demand have motivated several cities to impose permanent restrictions on outdoor water uses; however, little is yet known about their effectiveness. This paper examines daily water production data from 15 Canadian cities to (1) quantify how overall and seasonal demands are evolving over time across humid and semiarid settings and (2) determine whether permanent water use restrictions have been effective in curbing summer water demands both seasonally and during specific hot and dry periods. Results show that while per‐capita water demand is declining in all cities studied, the seasonal distribution of that demand has remained largely stable in all but a few cases. While average demands in the summer months remain largely unaffected by the imposition of permanent restrictions, cities that enforce stringent limits on outdoor water use have seen a reduction in the variability of daily demands and a decline in peak demands following their implementation. During short‐term periods of exceptionally hot and dry weather when vulnerability to water shortage is most acute, cities with strict restrictions also see smaller surges in demand than those with weaker or no restrictions in place.

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“…Urban drought-risk management requires a mix of measures that together limit the probability, as well as the consequences of water shortages, and that are proactive and planned rather than reactive (Buurman et al 2017). The water availability-related stress that city planners and managers as well as individual end users must handle on an every-day basis, and especially in a drought situation, may force adaption and change to retain functions such as water supply.…”

Section: Build Resilience Into Governance Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater as a strategic resource for improved resilience: a case study from peri-urban Accra

Grönwall

Oduro–Kwarteng

2017

Environ Earth Sci

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Water insecurity is a growing concern globally, especially for developing countries, where a range of factors including urbanization are putting pressure on water provisioning systems. The role of groundwater and aquifers in buffering the effects of climate variability is increasingly acknowledged, but it can only be fully realized with a more robust understanding of groundwater as a resource, and how use of it and dependency on it differ. Accra and its hinterland exemplify an African city with chronic water shortages, where groundwater resources offer opportunities to improve resilience against recurring droughts and general water insecurity. Based on a mixed-methods study of a peri-urban township, it was found that for end users, particularly poor urban households, resilience is an every-day matter of ensuring access from different sources, for different purposes, while attention to drinking water safety is falling behind. Planners and decision makers should take their cue from how households have developed coping mechanisms by diversifying, and move away from the focus on large infrastructure and centralized water supply solutions. Conjunctive use, managed aquifer recharge, and suitable treatment measures are vital to make groundwater a strategic resource on the urban agenda.

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Strategies for urban drought risk management: a comparison of 10 large cities

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Urban drought

Urban drought

Curbing the Summer Surge: Permanent Outdoor Water Use Restrictions in Humid and Semiarid Cities

Groundwater as a strategic resource for improved resilience: a case study from peri-urban Accra

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