Strategies on improving the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performances of metal phosphides

MOF-Derived Zero-Dimensional Cu3P Nanoparticles Embedded in Carbon Matrices for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution

“…The electronegative P centers thus neutralize the free energy released by the hydrogen adsorption on metal centers. 65 The electronegativity difference between Cu and P leads to improved electron transfer and reduced energy barrier of adsorption and desorption processes to enhance the catalytic reaction. 48 On the other hand, increasing the extent of P doping can transform metallic features into semiconducting or even insulating, 65 and the electrocatalytic HER property is hindered since metal sites possess overly strong adsorption of H* intermediates, resulting in the occupation of active sites and sluggish H 2 generation.…”

“…65 The electronegativity difference between Cu and P leads to improved electron transfer and reduced energy barrier of adsorption and desorption processes to enhance the catalytic reaction. 48 On the other hand, increasing the extent of P doping can transform metallic features into semiconducting or even insulating, 65 and the electrocatalytic HER property is hindered since metal sites possess overly strong adsorption of H* intermediates, resulting in the occupation of active sites and sluggish H 2 generation. Thus, rational utilization of the optimized stoichiometric Cu:P molar ratio can weaken the adsorption of intermediates on metallic Cu centers and promotes the desorption of H* to enhance the catalytic activity.…”

“…In alkaline media, the HER process involves the dissociation of molecular water with the production of hydrogen intermediates ( H *) which then recombine into molecular hydrogen. The process involves two-electron transfer via the Volmer–Heyrovsky mechanism as follows: …”

Self-Supporting NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide “Nanoflower” Cluster Anode Electrode for an Efficient Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer

“…Water electrolysis is regarded as one of the most promising hydrogen production technologies because of its high catalytic efficiency, high purity, and environmental friendliness [1][2][3]. Alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) has attracted widespread attention because it can use low-cost non-noble metal electrodes to replace the noble metal-based electrodes such as IrO 2 and RuO 2 [4,5], although its alkaline anion exchange membrane technology needs to be improved [5].…”

3D nanoporous NiCoP as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte

“…43–47 The direct selection of nickel foam and carbon cloth as conductive and growth substrates is insufficient to provide enough growth sites for active phosphide sites. 48–50 The nanoporous nickel cobalt alloy produced via dealloying has a large specific surface area, and the double continuous porous structure is more conducive for the transfer of electrons and media, so it is the best choice for phosphorization substrate growth. 50–54…”