Stratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental analysis of the Triassic–Jurassic transition in the western Southern Alps (Northern Italy)

Galli, Maria Teresa; Jadoul, Flavio; Bernasconi, Stefano M.; Cirilli, Simonetta; Weissert, Helmut

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.06.023

Cited by 74 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, it seems less probable that the rapid sealevel fall caused the observed sedimentary change in the Slatnik Formation. Furthermore, in the studied successions of the western Southern Alps and Hungary, the TriassicJurassic boundary falls within the succession that records a transgressive trend (Pálfy et al 2001(Pálfy et al , 2007Galli et al 2005Galli et al , 2007. Similarly, in the Slatnik Formation, the boundary most probably lies within the uppermost retrogradation interval.…”

Section: Triassic-jurassic Boundarymentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The boundary records one of the Wve major extinction events of the Phanerozoic (Stanton Jr and Flügel 1987;Sepkoski Jr 1996;Wignall 1997, 1999;Hallam 2002;Tanner et al 2004). Although the mechanisms that led to the extinction are still debated, two processes that mark the boundary are common to all studied sections: (1) the biocalciWcation crisis at the end of the Triassic followed by recovery in the Hettangian (Pálfy et al 2001(Pálfy et al , 2007Ward et al 2001Ward et al , 2004Galli et al 2005Galli et al , 2007Ciarapica and Passeri 2005;Ciarapica 2007; Van de Schootbrugge et al 2007) and (2) a sea-level drop coupled with subsequent transgression at the boundary or slightly preceding it. The second event is reported globally (McRoberts et al 1997;Hallam 1997;Hesselbo et al 2002Hesselbo et al , 2004Guex et al 2004;Galli et al 2005;Ciarapica and Passeri 2005;Jadoul et al 2005Jadoul et al , 2007Krystyn et al 2005;Ciarapica 2007;Wignall et al 2007).…”

Section: Triassic-jurassic Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Triassic sedimentary evolution of Slovenian Basin (eastern Southern Alps): description and correlation of the Slatnik Formation

Rožič

Kolar‐Jurkovšek

Šmuc

2008

Facies

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Successions of the Slovenian Basin structurally belong to the easternmost Southern Alps. During the Late Triassic, they were part of the Adriatic continental margin. Norian-Rhaetian successions of the Slovenian Basin are characterized mainly by dolomite of the Baba Dolomite Formation. However, in the northern part of the basin, Late Triassic limestone is preserved above Baba Dolomite Formation and is formalized as the Slatnik Formation. It is composed of hemipelagic limestone alternating with resedimented limestones. The succession documents an upward progradation of the slope environment composed of three high-frequency cycles. Most prominent progradation is referred to the second, i.e., Early Rhaetian cycle. The Slatnik Formation ends with thin-bedded hemipelagic limestone that records the end-Triassic productivity crisis, or rapid sea-level fall. The overlying resedimented limestones of the Early Jurassic Krikov Formation, document the recovery of production and shedding from the adjacent carbonate platform.

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Section: Triassic-jurassic Boundarymentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Triassic-jurassic Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Triassic sedimentary evolution of Slovenian Basin (eastern Southern Alps): description and correlation of the Slatnik Formation

Rožič

Kolar‐Jurkovšek

Šmuc

2008

Facies

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“…The dominant PAH are the high-molecular-weight four-ring aromatics, notably benzo(a)anthracene (1), triphenylene (2) and chrysene (3), and the five-ring aromatics benzo(k)fluoranthene (4), benzo(b)fluoranthene (5), benzo(a)pyrene (6), benzo(e)pyrene (7) and perylene (8). Among the heavier PAHs (>5-ring) identified, indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene (9), benzo(ghi)perylene (10) and coronene (11) are the most abundant (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Organic Geochemical Evidence For Camp Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral changes across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary linked to flood basalt volcanism

et al. 2009

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One of the five largest mass extinctions of the past 600 million years occurred at the boundary of the Triassic and Jurassic periods, 201.6 million years ago. The loss of marine biodiversity at the time has been linked to extreme greenhouse warming, triggered by the release of carbon dioxide from flood basalt volcanism in the central Atlantic Ocean. In contrast, the biotic turnover in terrestrial ecosystems is not well understood, and cannot be readily reconciled with the effects of massive volcanism. Here we present pollen, spore and geochemical analyses across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary from three drill cores from Germany and Sweden. We show that gymnosperm forests in northwest Europe were transiently replaced by fern and fern-associated vegetation, a pioneer assemblage commonly found in disturbed ecosystems. The Triassic/Jurassic boundary is also marked by an enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which, in the absence of charcoal peaks, we interpret as an indication of incomplete combustion of organic matter by ascending flood basalt lava. We conclude that the terrestrial vegetation shift is so severe and wide ranging that it is unlikely to have been triggered by greenhouse warming alone. Instead, we suggest that the release of pollutants such as sulphur dioxide and toxic compounds such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may have contributed to the extinction.

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“…2A) consists of shales of the Riva di Solto Shale (RSS) overlain by carbonates and shales of the Zu Limestone; these are in turn overlain by Hettangian micritic limestones of the Malanotte Formation and carbonate platform deposits of the Albenza Formation (formerly Conchodon Dolomite) (Galli et al, 2005;Jadoul and Galli, 2008). The Zu Limestone was traditionally subdivided into four members (Zu1-Zu4), but the youngest member (Zu4) has been recently renamed the Malanotte Formation (Galli et al, 2007) (Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhaetian magneto-biostratigraphy from the Southern Alps (Italy): Constraints on Triassic chronology

Muttoni

Kent

Jadoul

et al. 2010

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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New Late Triassic-earliest Jurassic magneto-biostratigraphic data have been obtained from three overlapping sections in the Southern Alps, Italy (Costa Imagna, Brumano, Italcementi Quarry), composed of~520 m of shallow-marine carbonates outcropping in stratigraphic continuity. Characteristic magnetic components of presumed depositional age record a sequence of 9 normal and reverse polarity magnetozones (as defined by at least three stratigraphically superposed samples) linked by conodont and palynofloral evidence from this study and the literature to Rhaetian to Triassic-Jurassic boundary age. This represents a significantly larger number of polarity zones than previously recognized in more condensed Rhaetian sections from the literature, and by inference represents more time. These data are placed in a broader Late Triassic temporal framework by means of correlations to published magneto-biostratigraphic data from the Tethyan marine Pizzo Mondello section and the Newark astronomical polarity time scale (APTS). This framework is consistent with a position of the Norian-Rhaetian boundary (as defined at Brumano and Pizzo Mondello by the first appearance of Misikella posthernsteini) within Newark magnetozones E17r-E19r in the~207-210 Ma time interval, in basic agreement with the position originally estimated in the Newark using pollen biostratigraphy (E18 at 208-209 Ma). This framework is also consistent with the position of the TriassicJurassic boundary interval (placed at Italcementi Quarry at the acme of Kraeuselisporites reissingeri coincident with a negative carbon isotope excursion) correlative to just above Newark magnetozone E23r and just below the oldest CAMP lavas dated at~202 Ma. Hence, we estimate the duration of the Rhaetian to be~5.5-8.5 Myr (or even longer if the Triassic-Jurassic boundary is instead placed above the negative carbon isotope excursion as at Kuhjoch, which is the designated GSSP for the base of the Hettangian), and encompassing 9 magnetozones. This duration contrasts with a duration of~2 Myr and only~4 magnetozones in several alternative published magneto-biostratigraphic schemes.

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Stratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental analysis of the Triassic–Jurassic transition in the western Southern Alps (Northern Italy)

Cited by 74 publications

References 33 publications

Late Triassic sedimentary evolution of Slovenian Basin (eastern Southern Alps): description and correlation of the Slatnik Formation

Late Triassic sedimentary evolution of Slovenian Basin (eastern Southern Alps): description and correlation of the Slatnik Formation

Floral changes across the Triassic/Jurassic boundary linked to flood basalt volcanism

Rhaetian magneto-biostratigraphy from the Southern Alps (Italy): Constraints on Triassic chronology

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