Stratigraphy and strontium geochemistry of Messinian evaporite-bearing successions of the southern Apennines foredeep, Italy: implications for the Mediterranean “salinity crisis” and regional palaeogeography

Matano, Fabio; Barbieri, Maurizio; Nocera, Silvio; Torre, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.11.017

Cited by 38 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Other diagenetic reactions such as dolomitization/chloritization (Mg-decrease, Ca-increase; Salsomaggiore, Cortemaggiore), albitization/ zeolitization (Na-decrease, Ca-increase; Tolentino) and illitization/K-feldspar precipitation (K decrease) have modified the early composition of the waters. The ternary mixing between seawater, meteoric water and a diagenetic-related component derived from clay (Matano et al 2005) are also reported and gypsum dehydration may explain the isotope composition of the mud volcanoes and brackish waters of similar origin (SALV). (3) Interestingly, gas-souring reaction could generate water with an oxygen isotope composition similar to the diagenetic end-member.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

et al. 2010

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The salt waters from the Emilia-Romagna sector of the Northern Apennine Foredeep have been investigated using major and trace element and stable isotope (d 2 H, d 18 O, d 37 Cl, d 81 Br and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio). Ca, Mg, Na, K, Sr, Li, B, I, Br and SO 4 vs. Cl diagrams suggest the subaerial evaporation of seawater beyond gypsum and before halite precipitation as primary process to explain the brine's salinity, whereas saline to brackish waters were formed by mixing of evaporated seawater and water of meteoric origin. A diagenetic end-member may be a third component for mud volcanoes and some brackish waters. Salinization by dissolution of (Triassic) evaporites has been detected only in samples from the Tuscan side of the Apennines and/or interacting with the Tuscan Nappe. In comparison with the seawater evaporation path, Ca-Sr enrichment and Na-K-Mg depletion of the foredeep waters reveal the presence of secondary processes such as dolomitization-chloritization, zeolitization-albitization and illitization. Sulfate concentration, formerly buffered by gypsum-anhydrite deposition, is heavily lowered by bacterial and locally by thermochemical reduction during burial diagenesis. From an isotopic point of view, data of the water molecule confirm mixing between seawater and meteoric endmembers. Local 18 O-shift up to ?11% at Salsomaggiore is related to water-rock interaction at high temperature (&150°C) as confirmed by chemical (Mg, Li, Ca distribution) and isotopic (SO 4 -H 2 O) geothermometers. 37 Cl/ 35 Cl and 81 Br/ 79 Br ratios corroborate the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (marine origin of the brines and evidence the diffusion of halogens from the deepest and most saline aquifers toward the surface. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio suggests a Miocene origin of Sr and rule out the hypothesis of a Triassic provenance of the dissolved components for the analyzed waters issuing from the Emilia-Romagna sector of the foredeep. Waters issuing from the Tuscan side of the Apennines and from the Marche sector of the foredeep show higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios because of the interaction with siliciclastic rocks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

et al. 2010

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“…About 100 mg of halite sample was dissolved in ultra-pure water, and gypsum samples were mixed with 1 g of pure Na 2 CO 3 (Sr-free) and treated with 40 mL of H 2 O for 6 h at 70°C to obtain pure Ca(Sr)CO 3 . This carbonate was dissolved subsequently with 2.5 mol/L HCl and diluted up to 100 mL [30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strontium and boron isotopic constraint on the marine origin of the Khammuane potash deposits in southeastern Laos

Tan

et al. 2010

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Since 2006, we have conducted a geological exploration of the Khammuane area in southeastern Laos. Several thick sequences of potash deposits containing sylvite and carnallite were discovered from drilling Paleocene strata of the Thangon Formation (E 1 tg).To constrain the origin of the brine that formed thick sequences of salt mineral deposits, we measured the strontium and boron isotope composition of some salt minerals in the potash deposit. Boron isotope composition of halite-and potash-associated minerals in the Khammuane potash deposit varied from 19.91% to 31.01‰, which differs significantly from continental evaporates (-6.83‰ --5.79‰) but is very close to that of salts precipitated from evapo-concentrated seawater (10‰-36‰). The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios (0.707542 to 0.709461) of salts were also close to the values of Paleocene seawater (0.70772 to 0.707830). The content of Br -(0.01%-0.25%) and Br×10 3 /Cl ratios (0.10-0.52) of halite were >10 times higher than that of common continental salts. These characteristics indicate clearly that the Laos potash deposits were deposited from seawater. The small variation in boron and strontium isotopes in all salt sedimentary sequences (gypsum-halite-potash-halite) also suggests that the recharge source should be stable and the effects of other continental water mixing are negligible. Large-scale potash deposits are commonly precipitated from seawater. Hence, the results of recent regional drilling work and geochemical research suggest extensive potash resources could occur in the Thangon Formation of southeastern Laos. potash deposit, strontium isotope, boron isotope, marine origin, Laos Citation:Tan H B, Ma H Z, Li B K, et al. Strontium and boron isotopic constraint on the marine origin of the Khammuane potash deposits in southeastern Laos.

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“…In other marginal sections only several tens of meters or no primary gypsum at all is preserved (e.g. Fortuin and Krijgsman, 2003;Matano et al, 2005). Because of the large lateral variation, due to differences in deposition and preservation/ erosion, we will only use gypsum thickness observations as an orderof-magnitude constraint on the model results.…”

Section: Marginal Basinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modeling perspective on spatial and temporal variations in Messinian evaporite deposits

Topper

Meijer

2013

Marine Geology

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Stratigraphy and strontium geochemistry of Messinian evaporite-bearing successions of the southern Apennines foredeep, Italy: implications for the Mediterranean “salinity crisis” and regional palaeogeography

Cited by 38 publications

References 51 publications

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

Strontium and boron isotopic constraint on the marine origin of the Khammuane potash deposits in southeastern Laos

A modeling perspective on spatial and temporal variations in Messinian evaporite deposits

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