Stratigraphy and structural outline of the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Martin, R.

doi:10.1080/00288306.1961.10420134

Cited by 64 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The rocks selected for analyses cover a wide time range (cf. Grindley, 1959Grindley, , 1961Martin, 1961). Compared with other recorded values of rocks and rock suites the rubidium content in the Taupo volcanics is remarkably low, particularly at the acid end.…”

Section: Rubidiummentioning

confidence: 91%

Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Lewis

1968

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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The volcanic rocks of the Taupo Zone are mostly acid tuffs and flows, with less abundant andesites, minor dacites, and rare basalts. A preliminary examination has been made of distribution of Cr, V, Sr, Rb, Cs, Li, Ba, and Zr in selected rocks from the Taupo Zone. The data support the hypothesis that the Taupo Zone volcanics belong to a continuous chemical sequence, non-porphyritic aluminous basalt-andesite--dacite--calc-alkaline rhyolite, with accumulative olivine and pyroxene andesites. Low total alkalis, low Zr, high K/Rb ratios and high Ba contents distinguish the acid rocks of the Taupo Zone from those in other New Zealand Tertiary provinces. Low concentrations of K, Rb, Cs, and Zr, high K/Rb ratios and low Rb/Sr ratios, compared with values for the average continental crust and average granite, suggest a subsialic source for the Taupo volcanics. Sr"'/Sr 8• ratios of O· 7047 for basalt and o· 7066 for rhyolite, together with the overall chemistry, indicate that the acid rocks are not the fusion products of ancient sial or reworked material derived from this and suggest a common source for both the acid and basic rocks in the Taupo Zone.

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Section: Rubidiummentioning

confidence: 91%

Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Lewis

1968

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…1) the Whakamaru Ignimbrites have a maximum thickness of at least 800 ft and consist of a dozen or more poorly defined ash-flow sheets of similar lithology (Martin, 1961). This formation is one of the youngest (middle to late Pleistocene) and most voluminous in the Taupo volcanic province.…”

Section: The Whakamaru Ignimbritesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS [AUG. with the Hauraki Graben (Martin, 1961 ) . An indication of the preW hakamaru hiatus in volcanism here is suggested by the ancient relief (Fig.…”

Section: The Whakamaru Ignimbritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2), exceeding 900 ft near Maraetai, and also by the presence of a relatively deep carbonaceous paleosol. The ancient soil around Tokoroa is immature, but ranges from 1 to 5 ft deep on tuffaceous sediments , and on the upper surface of the Waiotapu Ignimbrite (Martin, 1961 Verti cal exaggerati on X 2' 1.…”

Section: The Whakamaru Ignimbritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). Martin (1961) extended the definition after petrographic and regional work. Marshall (1935, p. 348) first described the field and petrographic aspects of the gradation in composition and crystallisation of the tuff at Maraetai Gorge.…”

Section: Lithologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithology and eruptive history of the Whakamaru ignimbrites in the Maraetai area of the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand

Martin

1965

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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About 1,000 square miles of the western part of the Taupo Volcanic Zone is covered by the Whakamaru Ignimbrites, a formation consisting of more than a dozen coarse-textured tuff sheets. They are of Pleistocene age, and were erupted over an irregular topographic surface after a prolonged pause in acid ignimbrite volcanism in this province. Locally their total thickness exceeds 1,000 ft. The rocks are generally lightly welded and contain from 10 to 45% of phenocrysts-andesine, quartz, hypersthene, sanidine, magnetite, biotite, and hornblende.

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Caldera Volcanoes of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand

Series¹

1984

Collected Reprint Series

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The Taupo volcanic zone (TVZ) has been active since 2 Ma and has erupted > 10 '• km 3 of dominantly rhyolitic magma during the last 1 m.y. Most of the volcanism is concentrated in a 125 x 60 km area forming the central TVZ and is expressed largely as six major caldera volcanoes, Rotorua, Okataina, Kapenga, Mangakino, Maroa, and Taupo, marked by localized collapse of the underlying basement and clustering of known or inferred vent sites. These centers have activity spans from 150 to 600 ka and have each erupted at least 300 to 1000 km 3 of magma. All centers except Rotorua are known or inferred to have had complex histories of multiple caldera collapse, which have occurred alongside general basement collapse within the TVZ accompanying regional extension. Deep-seated NE trending basement lineations and/or faults have influenced vent sites at Okataina, Maroa, and Taupo. Welded ignimbrites are prominent in the pre-140 ka record; their absence since then is attributed to the effects of surface water on eruption styles rather than to a change in eruptive behavior. Volcanism from the centers has been overwhelmingly rhyolitic (> 97%; SiO 2 69-77 wt %) with minor high-A1 basalt and dacite and traces of andesitc, mostly as lithic fragments in ignimbrites from Okataina and Mangakino. Although insignificant in volume, the basalt is important as a low-Si end-member in mixing relationships with the rhyolite (at one extreme generating the dacites) and occasionally as a trigger for the rhyolitic eruptions. The current average rhyolite magma eruption rate from the central TVZ is ~0.27 m 3 s -x, equally divided between Okataina and Taupo, a figure close to the long-term average for the last 1.1 Ma. However, geothermal heat flow data imply that a further 1.4-1.8 m 3 s-x of magma may be intruded within the crust. The ratio of inferred intruded material to erupted material is higher at centers where lava extrusions are volumetrically significant (Okataina, Maroa), and this is correlated with lower phenocryst equilibration temperatures in the eruptives. Evidence for resurgent doming and long-term (> 105 years) magma cycles documented at similarly sized rhyolitic calderas in the western United States is absent from the TVZ centers; this is attributed to the young faulted crust of the region, preventing the formation of sufficiently large high-level magma chambers. In overall terms, the central TVZ is comparable in size and longevity to the Yellowstone system, but its individual eruptions have very much shorter recurrence intervals and smaller volumes. INTRODUCTION The Taupo volcanic zone (TVZ) is a complex volcanotectonic depression which is the locus of Quaternary volcanism (and geothermal activity) in the central North Island of New Zealand (Figure 1; Healy [1962]). It is broadly interpreted as a volcanic arc [Ballance, 1976] and/or marginal basin [Cole and Lewis, 1981] parallel to the southern continuation of the Tonga-Kermadec subduction system. The TVZ is only the latest expression of southward younging Cenozoic calc-alkaline vol...

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Stratigraphy and structural outline of the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Cited by 64 publications

References 7 publications

Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Lithology and eruptive history of the Whakamaru ignimbrites in the Maraetai area of the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand

Caldera Volcanoes of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand

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Stratigraphy and structural outline of the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Cited by 64 publications

References 7 publications

Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr87/Sr86in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr87/Sr86in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Lithology and eruptive history of the Whakamaru ignimbrites in the Maraetai area of the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand

Caldera Volcanoes of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand

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Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone

Trace elements, variation in alkalis, and the ratio Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶in selected rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone