Streamlined sample preparation procedure for determination of perchlorate anion in foods by ion chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Krynitsky, Alexander J.; Niemann, Richard A.; Williams, Anthony D.; Hopper, Marvin L

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2006.01.005

Cited by 39 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, sodium and potassium-based aqueous solutions are usually used as eluents in IC-ESI-MS/MS; therefore, a suppressor is required to remove these non-volatile ions. Moreover, an organic solvent, such as acetonitrile, must be mixed as a post-column solvent with an additional LC pump to improve sensitivity [33,34]. Therefore, the analytical system using IC-ESI-MS/MS is inevitably too complex to control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Perchlorate in Bottled Water from Italy

Iannece

Motta

Tedesco

et al. 2013

Water

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Abstract:Perchlorate is regarded as an emerging persistent inorganic contaminant. It is widely known that perchlorate is an endocrine disruptor as it competitively inhibits iodide transport in the thyroid gland. As drinking water is the major source of human exposure to perchlorate, its occurrence in commercially available bottled waters purchased in different regions of Italy was investigated. Perchlorate was measured using the rapid, sensitive, and selective LC-ESI-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry) method by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of the transition 98.8→82.8, which corresponds to the loss of one oxygen atom in the perchlorate ion (ClO 4 Cl) was used as a confirmation tool. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for this method was 5 ng/L, and the recovery ranged from 94% to 108%. Perchlorate was detected in 44 of the 62 drinking waters tested, with concentrations ranging from <5 to 75 ng/L. These values are similar in magnitude to those reported in drinking water from the USA and do not pose an immediate health concern.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Perchlorate in Bottled Water from Italy

Iannece

Motta

Tedesco

et al. 2013

Water

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“…The highest concentration (4.88 μg/kg) perchlorate was found in sample of Hebei. It is reported that perchlorate has been detected in food crops, plant species and fruits such as tobacco, lettuce, wheat, alfalfa, soybean, tomato, cucumber, lemon, grapefruit, orange and cantaloupe (Sanchez et al, 2006;Krynitsky et al, 2006;Sanchez et al, 2005a,b;Jackson et al, 2005;Yu et al, 2004;Sundberg et al, 2003;Ellington et al, 2001). Previous studies (Smith et al, 2004;Jackson et al, 2005) have also showed that perchlorate-tainted irrigation water, soil and fertilizer were the potential source of perchlorate that detected in food and crops.…”

Section: Perchlorate In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These samples were subsequently analyzed for perchlorate by IC-ESI-MS/MS. The IC-ESI-MS/MS method is considered to be unambiguous and high sensitive method that has been used for determination of perchlorate in lettuce, cantaloupe, bottled water, and milk with limit of quantitation of 1.0 μg/kg, 2.0 μg/kg, 0.5 μg/L, and 3.0 μg/L respectively (Krynitsky et al, 2006;Krynitsky et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perchlorate in sewage sludge, rice, bottled water and milk collected from different areas in China

Shi

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2007

Environment International

116

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“…The method consists of a ternary acid digestion with a determination of iodine by UV-VIS spectrophotometry through the catalysis of the Ce þ 4/As þ 3 reaction. The method for perchlorate was developed by FDA in a collaborative effort among the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, the Southeastern Regional Laboratory, and the Total Diet Research Center; the method was published by Krynitsky et al (2006). Table 2 reports the analytical techniques, the nominal limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ).…”

Section: Tds Sample Collection and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

US Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study: Dietary intake of perchlorate and iodine

Murray

Egan

Kim

et al. 2008

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

196

184

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The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has conducted the Total Diet Study (TDS) since 1961, which designed to monitor the US food supply for chemical contaminants, nutritional elements, and toxic elements. Recently, perchlorate was analyzed in TDS samples. Perchlorate is used as an oxidizing agent in rocket propellant, is found in other items (e.g., explosives, road flares, fireworks, and car airbags), occurs naturally in some fertilizers, and may be generated under certain climatic conditions. It has been detected in surface and groundwater and in food. Perchlorate at high (e.g., pharmacological) doses can interfere with iodide uptake into the thyroid gland, disrupting its function. The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) has identified that ''the fetuses of pregnant women who might have hypothyroidism or iodide deficiency as the most sensitive population.'' This study reports on intake estimates of perchlorate and iodine, a precursor to iodide, using the analytical results from the TDS. Estimated average perchlorate and iodine daily intakes as well as the contribution of specific food groups to total intakes were estimated for 14 age/sex subgroups of the US population. The estimated smallest lower bound to the largest upper bound average perchlorate intakes by the 14 age/sex groups range from 0.08 to 0.39 micrograms per kilogram body weight per day (mg/kg bw/day), compared with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reference dose (RfD) of 0.7 mg/kg bw/day. Infants and children demonstrated the highest estimated intakes of perchlorate on a body weight basis. The estimated average iodine intakes by the 14 age/sex groups reveal a lower bound (ND ¼ 0) and upper bound (ND ¼ LOD) range of average intakes from 138 to 353 mg/person/day. Estimated iodine intakes by infants 6-11 months exceed their adequate intake (AI), and intakes by children and adult age/sex groups exceed their relevant estimated average requirement (EAR).

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Streamlined sample preparation procedure for determination of perchlorate anion in foods by ion chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Determination of Perchlorate in Bottled Water from Italy

Determination of Perchlorate in Bottled Water from Italy

Perchlorate in sewage sludge, rice, bottled water and milk collected from different areas in China

US Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study: Dietary intake of perchlorate and iodine

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