Street addiction: A proposed theoretical model for understanding the draw of street life and gang activity

Bergen‐Cico, Dessa; Haygood-El, Arnett; Jennings-Bey, Timothy; Lane, Sandra D.

doi:10.3109/16066359.2012.759942

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Previous research has found that violence is associated with poor birth outcomes [ 31 ], as well as poor cognitive performance [ 32 ] and development among children [ 33 ]. Our research team is currently developing multi-faceted interventions to respond to this violence [ 22 ]. The analyses presented in this article form a foundation for those interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is part of a larger on-going longitudinal research project that is a community-university collaboration addressing trauma due to neighborhood violence. Collaborators include faculty and students of Syracuse University, the Syracuse Police Department, the Street Addictions Institute, Inc., the Trauma Response Team, and Mothers Against Gun Violence [ 22 , 23 ]. (Lane et al under review)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatio-temporal patterns of gun violence in Syracuse, New York 2009-2015

et al. 2017

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Gun violence in the United States of America is a large public health problem that disproportionately affects urban areas. The epidemiology of gun violence reflects various aspects of an infectious disease including spatial and temporal clustering. We examined the spatial and temporal trends of gun violence in Syracuse, New York, a city of 145,000. We used a spatial scan statistic to reveal spatio-temporal clusters of gunshots investigated and corroborated by Syracuse City Police Department for the years 2009–2015. We also examined predictors of areas with increased gun violence using a multi-level zero-inflated Poisson regression with data from the 2010 census. Two space-time clusters of gun violence were revealed in the city. Higher rates of segregation, poverty and the summer months were all associated with increased risk of gun violence. Previous gunshots in the area were associated with a 26.8% increase in the risk of gun violence. Gun violence in Syracuse, NY is both spatially and temporally stable, with some neighborhoods of the city greatly afflicted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal patterns of gun violence in Syracuse, New York 2009-2015

et al. 2017

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“…All three of these characteristics are present in neighborhood violence in Syracuse (Larsen et al 2017). Moreover, the categories that mark neighborhood residents as friend or foe are based on emic interpretations of who counts as legitimate targets and what reasons may legitimately lead to violence (Bergen-Cico et al 2015).…”

Section: Replymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CARE model includes partnerships with community members, who request Syracuse University faculty assistance in addressing problems; CARE also involves students in each project, explicitly framing the project as both research and pedagogy. Our current work aims to understand and reduce the incidence of the trauma of residents living in extremely violent communities (Bergen-Cico et al 2015;Lane et al 2017a). Part of this research addresses the cultural context in which everyounger perpetrators kill their peers.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We formalized this aspect of our university-community partnership as the Syracuse Neighborhood Violence Research Collaboration. Together we have developed interventions, written grants, and published peer-reviewed articles (Bergen-Cico et al 2015;Jennings-Bey et al 2015;Keefe et al 2017;Lane et al 2017a;Larsen et al 2017). The impetus for this article on unaddressed grief, memory, and future retaliation emerged from this earlier work.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Blood in the Rust Belt: Mourning and Memorialization in the Context of Community Violence

Rubinstein¹,

Lane²,

Mojeed³

et al. 2018

Current Anthropology

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This paper examines the use by those living in impoverished neighborhoods of color in Syracuse, NY, of artifacts and rituals of memorialization in response to intense ongoing violence. This work is part of a longitudinal, communityuniversity action anthropology collaboration on trauma due to neighborhood violence. This Rust Belt city of 145,000 residents had 30 murders in 2016, the highest murder rate in New York State and one of the highest nationwide. Since at least 2009, the majority of Syracuse's homicides resulted from neighborhood violence in which adolescent and young adult members from competing turf areas carry out ongoing feuds. Neighbors, coworkers, family members, and friends of murder victims face trauma, including emotional and somatic symptoms. There is little public recognition of the deep pain and grief experienced by community members. In response, community memorialization takes place through a process of acknowledging key events with symbols, folk art, martyrdom, and language. These artifacts express shared values, even when those values are contrary to and in resistance to values of the larger society. We compare these practices to those seen in civil conflict areas to suggest that such memorialization may unfortunately fuel ongoing violence through processes of social contagion. In late 2015, a 15-year-old high school sophomore was killed in a drive-by shooting as he was sitting on a porch in the early evening. Around his neck, he wore the laminated photographs of his three good friends who had all previously been murdered (House 2015). The young man literally carried his memories of his friends with him, honoring their lives. The shooting prompted the lockdown of the Syracuse University campus a mile and a half away (Pucci 2015), yet to our knowledge, neither this murder victim nor his deceased friends have been commemorated in their own school; there have been no scholarships, no plaques, no statues erected in their memory, and no minute of silence. In the comments section in the local newspaper , many of the writers blamed the decedent and his parents for his death, while a community member noted, "If a kid dies in a car crash, runs into a tree, drunk driving in another school district, they'll stop, offer counseling, right, to anyone who that needs, and then only resume curriculum after that." In this article, we examine the memorialization of friends, family, and compatriots in the context of profound poverty and ongoing neighborhood violence. We see the social practices that we describe in this article as preserving and extending the social identities of the deceased (Unruh 1983; Walter 2015) and as strategies through which people who often find themselves marginalized can shape the social life of their communities to give

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Anthropologists on Interprofessional Health Education Teams: A Model from Upstate New York

Rubinstein

Lane

2021

Anthropology in Medical Education

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Street addiction: A proposed theoretical model for understanding the draw of street life and gang activity

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Spatio-temporal patterns of gun violence in Syracuse, New York 2009-2015

Spatio-temporal patterns of gun violence in Syracuse, New York 2009-2015

Blood in the Rust Belt: Mourning and Memorialization in the Context of Community Violence

Anthropologists on Interprofessional Health Education Teams: A Model from Upstate New York

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