Strength Classification of Aras as Fast-Growing Indigenous Species Timber in Sarawak

Abstract

Strength properties’ tests are conducted in the form of small clear sample. This paper aimed to acquire the strength group of fast-growing indigenous species of Aras and exotic species of Acacia mangium. Thus, the information of strength properties of species is acquired from strength property's test at green and air-dry conditions. The required information namely, bending parallel to grain, compression stress parallel to grain, shear parallel to grain and modulus of elasticity. The ultimate stresses obtained from strength properties of the species is to be converted into basic and grade stresses to determine the strength group of the species based on MS 544: Part 2 (2001). The results from the study indicated that, Acacia mangium classified under strength group SG5, whilst Aras was classified under strength group SG7. The timber is classified as medium density of Light Hardwood ranging from 0.37-0.52 g/cm3 at air-dry condition.

Introduction to Documentation of Nepenthes Species in Bako National Park, Sarawak

“…This species is normally in green, spotted dark brown and red colours (Wahab, 2012). Nepenthes ampullaria differs from the other species by possessing particulate inflorescence, bracteolate flowers, having only lower pitchers which are urceolate in shape, the lids sizes are distinctly smaller than the mouth of the pitcher, lower lid surface glandless and trifid spurs (Ismaili et al, 2016;Adam, 2002;Vincent, 2002;Soepadmo et al, 1995). Small elongated Nepenthes gracilis (slender pitcher plant) were also discovered at 100 m altitude and was sighted as far away as Thailand Adam et al, 1992;Jebb & Chee, 1997) (Figure 3, C).…”

Brief Documentation on Selected Timber-related Plant Species with Commercial Value in Kubah National Park, Sarawak

“…Meanwhile, Shorea is the largest genus of hardwood and semihardwood trees within this family (Lateef, Sepiah & Bolhassan, 2016;Pakhriazad & Mohd Hasmadi, 2010;Soepadmo & Wong, 1995). Many of these species are of significant commercial value for the timber-related industry (Ismaili, Openg, Abdul Rahim & Duju, 2016;MTII, 2011;Roszaini & Salmiah, 2015;Roszaini et al, 2017;Wong, 1995) (Figure 4 and Table 1). Table 1.…”

“…The peat-swamp forest habitats where the tree grows are seriously threatened as regeneration is reported to be non-existent. The plant is classified as endangered in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Ashton, 2004;Corlett & Primack, 2005;Ismaili et al, 2016;IUCN, 2017;Pakhriazad & Mohd Hasmadi, 2010;Soepadmo & Wong, 1995).…”

The Mechanical Strength Properties, Treatability Retention and Hazard Classification of Treated Small-Clear Fast-Growing Acacia mangium Superbulk at Different Age Groups

“…The Acacia mangium is a well-known fast-growing planted tree species, and it is tolerant to various soils and environments. In the timber industry, this species is widely used in the production of attractive furniture and cabinets, door frames, window parts, mouldings, and sliced veneers [8]. Initially, the Acacia mangium in Sarawak was targeted as the premier resource for wood pulp and paper.…”