Strength Performance of Micro Alumina Reinforced Direct Recycled AA6061 Chips Based Matrix Composite

Msebawi, Muntadher Sabah; Jayaprakash, M.; Shamsudin, Shazarel; Rady, Mohammad Hussein; Sabbar, Huda M.; Mustapa, Mohammad Sukri; Lajis, Mohd Amri; Abbas, Mohammed Abdulridha

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.961.73

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The maximum responses of this study for T, t, and VF were 550 • C, 1.6 h, and 1 vol% ZrO 2 . The average UTS, microhardness, and density of this study were 490 MPa, 95.2 HV, and 2.89 g/cm 3 , respectively (Figure 14).…”

Section: Multi-objective Optimisationmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…A decrease in VF increased the mechanical properties up to 1 vol% of oxide. With T at 550 • C, t at 1.58 h and ZrO 2 at 1 vol%, the maximum hardness of 95 HV, a density of 2.85 g/cm 3 and tensile strength of 487 MPa were obtained. All the factors T, t, and VF are considered as important factors that affect the nanocomposite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In hot extrusion (the A process), the billet was preheated in a container with a ceramic heater to facilitate plastic deformation (Table 5) [13]. A graphite-based lubricant was used in the inner die surface and container in every extrusion cycle to prevent the increase in load in the extrusion due to friction [3]. After hot extrusion, the final products were divided into 28 specimens; then, the optimal properties were sample treated with hot ECAP (the B process) that used a cold press hydraulic machine of 500 kN, an ECAP die, heaters, and thermocouples, and the ECAP die consisted of two parts, with a channel of 12 mm × 12 mm with an inner angle of 90 • and an outer angle of 20 • .…”

Section: 𝑦 𝑏 𝑏 𝑋 𝑏 𝑋 ⋯ 𝑏 𝑋mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RSM analysis indicated that the density increased along all the parameters used in sample extrusion. The maximum density (2.89 g/cm 3 ) was attained at 450 • C, Materials 2021, 14, 6667 12 of 20 3 h, and 5% for T, t, and VF, respectively; for the ECAP sample, the maximum density (2.89 g/cm 3 ) was attained at 550 • Ċ, 1.58 h, and 1% for T, t, and VF and 2.9 g/cm 3 after heat treatment, indicating that high temperature and dense compaction of the chips resulted in poor inter-chip consolidation [17]. These extrusion conditions were only suitable for eliminating the voids and were incapable of improving the chip bonding.…”

Section: Effects Of Zro2 Nanoparticles On Microhardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the loss of materials and the high-energy requirement in the conventional recycling method [2] have encouraged the development of eco-friendly and economically viable methods to address the environmental issues of air pollution. This method, broadly known as solid-state recycling, involves the direct treatment of alloy chips [3,4]. Solid-state recycling, such as hot extrusion and ECAP, optimises energy, using the plastic deformation technique to recycle metal scraps and various alloys [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite

et al. 2021

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Direct solid-states, such as hot extrusion and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), are alternative and efficient solid-state processes for use in recycling aluminium scrap. These processes utilise less energy and are eco-friendly. Ceramic particles such as ZrO2 are suggested as alternatives in the production of metal composites. This study investigated and optimised the effects of various parameters of reinforced ZrO2 nanoparticles on the mechanical and physical properties via response surface methodology (RSM). These parameters were the volume fraction (VF), preheating temperature (T), and preheating time (t). The effects of these parameters were examined before and after the heat treatment condition and ECAP. Each parameter was evaluated at varying magnitudes, i.e., 450, 500, and 550 °C for T, 1, 2, and 3 h for t, and 1, 3, and 5% for VF. The effect that process variables had on responses was elucidated using the factorial design with centre point analysis. T and VF were crucial for attaining the optimum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and microhardness. Reducing VF increased the mechanical properties to 1 vol% of oxide. The maximum hardness of 95 HV was attained at 550 °C, 1.6 h, and 1 vol% ZrO2 with a density of 2.85 g/cm3 and tensile strength of 487 MPa. UTS, density, and microhardness were enhanced by 14%, 1%, and 9.5%, respectively. Additionally, the hot extrusion parameters and ECAP followed by heat treatment strengthened the microhardness by 64% and density by 3%. Compression pressure and extrusion stress produced in these stages were sufficient to eliminate voids that increased the mechanical properties.

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Section: Multi-objective Optimisationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 𝑦 𝑏 𝑏 𝑋 𝑏 𝑋 ⋯ 𝑏 𝑋mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Zro2 Nanoparticles On Microhardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite

et al. 2021

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AA7075-ZrO2 Nanocomposites Produced by the Consecutive Solid-State Process: A Review of Characterisation and Potential Applications

Sabbar

Leman

Shamsudin

et al. 2021

Metals

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Solid-state recycling is a direct conversion method for producing metal chips, whereas the materials are plastically deformed into the final product without melting, offering lower energy consumption and metal waste. This technique was reported for fabricating aluminium-zirconium oxide (Al-ZrO2) composite and it was widely used to avoid metal chips bounding at high temperatures during the extrusion process. Aluminium alloy (AA7075) is known for its high yield strength of more than 500 MPa under optimum ageing conditions. However, AA7075 can be further reinforced by zirconium oxide nanoparticles when needed for high-performance applications. Hot extrusion is used to obtain better mechanical properties of composite materials. The equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), a severe plastic deformation technique, was recently used to produce bulk and light recycled metal chips, such as porosity-free and ultra-fine-grained aluminium nanocomposites (ANCs). Heat treatments (HT) and ECAP post hot extrusion are mostly incorporated to improve tribological and mechanical properties and aluminium nanocomposite bonding efficiency. In this review, ANCs’ fabrication by the hot extrusion technique and the effects of ZrO2 nanoparticle are duly summarised and discussed. Furthermore, this review emphasises the importance of using HT and ECAP techniques to acquire better metal alloy incorporation, such as AA7075-ZrO2. Interestingly, owing to the lightweight properties and superior performance of AA7075-ZrO2, it was reported to be suitable for fabricating many drones’ parts, military equipment, and some other promising applications.

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Strength Performance of Micro Alumina Reinforced Direct Recycled AA6061 Chips Based Matrix Composite

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite

The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite

AA7075-ZrO2 Nanocomposites Produced by the Consecutive Solid-State Process: A Review of Characterisation and Potential Applications

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