Strengthening climate-resilient development and transformation in Viet Nam

Abstract

Climate change is presenting an ongoing and eminent threat to various regions, communities and infrastructure worldwide. In this study, the current and future climate impacts faced by Viet Nam due to Tropical Cyclones (TCs), specifically wind and surge, are evaluated, and different adaptation measures to manage this risk are appraised. The level of wind and storm surge risk was assessed focusing on three categories of assets: residential houses, agriculture, and people. The expected damage to these assets was then evaluated based on their exposure to the hazard under current and future climate scenarios. Physical adaptation measures such as mangroves, sea dykes, and gabions, and financial adaptation measures such as risk transfer via insurance were applied to the expected future risk and evaluated based on a socio-economic cost–benefit analysis. The output will give decision-makers the ability to make more informed decisions, prioritize the most cost-effective adaptation measures and increase physical and financial resilience. The results indicated significant TC exposure in future climate scenarios due to economic development and climate change that almost doubles the current expected damage. Surge-related damage was found to be many times higher than wind damage, and houses had more exposure (value in total) than agriculture on a national scale. The physical adaptation measures are successful in significantly reducing the future wind and especially surge risk and would form a resilient strategy along with risk transfer for managing TC risks in the region.

Spatial Scale Dependence of Tropical Cyclone Damage Function: Evidence From the Mainland of China

“…A few studies agree that TCs may become stronger while debating whether and how TC frequency will change under a warming climate (Bhatia et al., 2018; Emanuel, 2013; Knutson et al., 2010; Walsh et al., 2016). In addition to the uncertainty of TC characteristics, due to the increasing exposed assets and changing vulnerability, there is a need to understand the potential risk from TCs for decision‐makers at different administrative levels, especially when TC risk is expressed by direct economic loss (DEL), as it supports the assessment of direct/indirect consequences of the nation, province and county/community (Hernandez, 2014; Tang et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2021), future economic risk (Bakkensen, Park, & Sarkar, 2018; Gettelman et al., 2018; Ye et al., 2019) and the cost‐effectiveness of the implementation of disaster risk reduction and adaptation measures (Liu et al., 2019; Rana et al., 2022; Sun & Carson, 2020).…”

Accounting for surge dynamics is key to modeling tropical cyclone-induced coastal flooding

“…An example for a simple one-step approach is the storm surge module implemented in the open-source risk assessment toolbox CLIMADA 21 . In this approach, the inundation height in each grid cell is estimated from wind speed, distance to coast, and topographical elevation using a linear relationship 22 . 22 .…”

“…In this approach, the inundation height in each grid cell is estimated from wind speed, distance to coast, and topographical elevation using a linear relationship 22 . 22 . In regional assessments, more computationally expensive dynamic flood models 23 beyond the static approaches were used: CaMa-Flood 24 , LISFLOOD-FP 25 , HEC-RAS 26 , or SFINCS 27 .…”

Prehistoric pathways to Anthropocene adaptation: Evidence from the Red River Delta, Vietnam

“…Sedimentological archives can help explain the complex evolution of Holocene typhoons [ 154 , 155 ], the impact of tsunami [ 156 ], and how the processes controlling water movement interact across these events. Given the perceived future risk from hydrometeorological hazards to agriculture and infrastructure [ 157 ], such data stands to reduce the level of predictive uncertainty [ 136 ].…”