Strengthening the Cyber Terrorism Law Enforcement in Indonesia: Assimilation from Islamic Jurisdiction

Abstract

The threat of terrorism is exacerbated by technology. It leads to a new term called Cyberterrorism. Apparently, this threat has not received appropriate space in the legal regulations in Indonesia. Therefore, this paper aims to strengthen legal action against cyberterrorism. This strengthening is obtained by assimilating Islamic law through the normative juridical method. The data are sourced from related news and updated journals. Researchers found that the assimilation of Islamic law products into positive law in Indonesia was in the form of Hirabah Punishment, Rebel Punishment, or Takzir. This idea is expected to be a consideration for policymakers in updating their laws so that they can reduce terrorism crimes, especially in cyberspace.

A Comparative Analysis of the Factors Predicting Fears of Terrorism and Cyberterrorism in a Developing Nation Context

“…Cyberterrorism includes terrorist activities conducted using computer or Internet technology . Researchers report the Internet as a force multiplier in terrorist activities, creating a digital menace to global security (Bakry et al, 2021). Regardless of the harmful effects of cyberterrorism, no injuries or casualties have been reported to date.…”

“…as a result, they fear cyberterrorism more than digital natives (Onat et al, 2022). Regardless of studies linked with terrorism, very few studies have dealt with the fear of cyberterrorism and its consequences, which can lead to feelings of insecurity, anxiety, and stress among individuals (Backhaus et al, 2020;Bakry et al, 2021;Sevde, 2021). Hence, considering fear of terrorism and fear of cyberterrorism, the current study postulates that; H4: Perceived risk of immigrant crime significantly impact a) fear of cyberterrorism, b) fear of terrorism…”

“…At the same time, terrorism is the type of crime used to explain the different forms of terrorism threats, including biological terrorism, bombing, cyberterrorism, etc. (Backhaus et al, 2020;Bakry et al, 2021). Because research shows that different crimes have different causes and determinants, the current study's main aim is to identify and compare the driving factors of fear of terrorism with fear of cyberterrorism.…”

“…The global terrorism index for Indonesia grew to 5.50 in 2021, making it among the highly vulnerable nation to terrorist attacks. Previously researchers in the Indonesian context mostly focused on laws and regulations linked with terrorism and the government's role in dealing with cyberterrorism (Bakry et al, 2021;Setiawan, 2020). However, the literature is silent regarding factors impacting terrorism and cyberterrorism in Indonesia.…”

“…However, the literature is silent regarding factors impacting terrorism and cyberterrorism in Indonesia. Hence, a need arises to understand the factors that create the fear of cyberterrorism in a developing nation, especially in Indonesia, where people of different religions live together (Bakry et al, 2021).…”