Streptococcal infection in young pigs: IV. An outbreak of streptococcal meningitis in weaned pigs

Windsor, R.S.; Elliott, Stuart W.

doi:10.1017/s0022172400047070

Cited by 86 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is in accordance with experiences from the United Kingdom where an increase in outbreaks has been recorded since 1973 (3,4,21,22). This is a source for concern since we know this infection is a zoonosis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However it is well known that haemolysis depends largely on medium (horse-, ox-or sheepblood) and on the degree of (an)-aerobiosis. Hence it is quite understandable that the literature describes S. suis as either a or 13 haemolytic (8,10,11,15,17,22).. Our experience is that the majority of S. suis strains shows a-haemolysis on 6% horse blood agar (93.3% and 61.7%) under aerobic conditions, but quite often when S. subacidus (bio)type I is isolated no haemolysis is observed (58%). Haemolysis is not a suitable characteristic to screen for S. subacidus/ S. suis or for pathogenicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In 1975 in East Anglia it was found that streptococcal meningitis in 10-14 week old pigs was caused by haemolytic streptococci serologically distinct from capsular type 1, but also showing a specific capsular-welling reaction (22). This type was named Streptococcus suis type 2, and proved to be identical with De Moor's group R. According to Elliot both Streptococcus suis type 1 and 2 (group S and R) are subgroups of Lancefield group D. Strains of streptococci reacting with both sera were designated RS streptococci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Streptococcus suis infections in pigs in the Netherlands (Part I)

Vecht¹,

Leengoed²,

Verheijen³

1985

Veterinary Quarterly

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SUMMARY Data are presented on the incidence of various streptococcal infections in pigs in the Netherlands. 314 Strains isolated in the course of routine post-mortem diagnosis were examined. The most frequently occurring streptococcus was S. subacidus (bio) type II which was isolated in 31.2% of the cases.S. suis type 2 (Serogroup R) and S. equisimilis (Serogroup C) constituted 16.2% and 13.7% of the isolates respectively. Besides meningitis, endocarditis and polyserositis S. suis type 2 infections may frequently be associated with pneumonia (42%).The biochemical profiles of the various S. suis andS. subacidus (bio) types are presented. The profile of both species is almost identical. It seems justified to use the name S. suis for strains with this characteristic profile and to abandon the name S. subacidus. Haemolysis does not appear to be a suitable characteristic to screen for S. subacidus/S.suis types. In comparing three serological methods for typing S. suis type 2, gel precipitation using Fuller's extract and slide agglutination give an almost 100% correlation. These two methods are recommended for serotyping.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Streptococcus suis infections in pigs in the Netherlands (Part I)

Vecht¹,

Leengoed²,

Verheijen³

1985

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…Among the Streptococcus species, Streptococcus suis has lately attracted considerable attention in most countries with a developed swine industry [4,6,17,20]. S. suis causes meningitis, septicemia, endocarditis, arthritis and pneumonia in mainly piglets and growing pigs [1,2,7,10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Isolation from Slaughtered Pigs Associated with Endocarditis, Especially the Isolation of Streptococcus suis.

Katsumi¹,

Kataoka

Takahashi

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Bacterial isolation from slaughtered pigs with endocarditis was carried out from 1985 to 1994. A total of 495 (0.025%) out of 2,006,127 pigs were diagnosed as having endocarditis. Though bacteria were significantly isolated from 399 of the 495 pigs, bacteria could not be isolated in 96 pigs (19.4%). In 11 pigs, 2 bacterial species were isolated from heart lesion. Streptococcus suis was isolated from 127 cases (25.7%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae from 75 (15.2%), Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae from 63 (12.7%), Actinomyces pyogenes from 39 (7.9%), Pasteurella multocida from 11 (2.2%), Staphylococcus aureus from 10 (2.0%), and Streptococcus porcinus from 8 (1.6%). Among the 99 isolates biochemically identified as S. suis, the major serotype was S. suis type 2 (35.4%). The remainder of the typable isolates were identified as serotypes 1/2 (2.0%) and 9 (1.0%). A total of 61 isolates (61.6%) were untypable. -KEY WORDS: bacterial endocarditis, swine (slaughtered), Streptococcus suis.

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“…Of the Group D streptococci used m this investigation strains D76 and C1 are classified as S faecahs, strain C3 as S. faec~um, (6), stratus A227, A226, D930, and D958 as S. su~s (7,8), and stratus A481 and A482, formerly designated C101 and C33, asS. bovis (9).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teichoic acids of group D streptococci with special reference to strains from pig meningitis (Streptococcus suis).

Elliott

McCarty

Lancefield

1977

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The group antigen of Group D streptococci is a glucose-substituted polymer of a-glycerophosphate (1, 2). In streptococcal extracts it is found in two forms, one, lipid-bound (lipoteichoic acid), the other, lipid-free (3). The two forms are often found together but in differing relative proportions depending on the source of the material and method of extraction. In phenol extracts from washed cocci, the lipoteichoic acid predominates. It is probably released by phenol from association with the streptococcal cell membrane and carries with it a small fragment of the membrane lipid (4). In hydrochloric acid or trichloracetic acid extracts of streptococci and in culture supernatant fluids, the lipid-free form predominates.Both forms of teichoic acid react with Group D antiserum. In our experience, phenol extracts from all Group D strains tested, including representatives of the sub-groups Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus suis, and Streptococcus bovis, give group-specific precipitation reactions. HC1 is less effective than phenol in extracting the lipoteichoic acid. The conventional method for extracting streptococcal group antigens by heating in HC1 at 100°C and pH2 yields, from S. faecalis, sufficient free teichoic acid to precipitate with potent Group D antisera, but from S. suis such extracts may give weak or equivocal reactions (5). In an attempt to account for this difference between S. faecalis and S. suis, we describe here our examination of teichoic acid preparations from a variety of Group D streptococci, including representatives of these two subgroups. Materials and MethodsStreptococcal Strmns. Of the Group D streptococci used m this investigation strains D76 and C1 are classified as S faecahs, strain C3 as S. faec~um, (6), stratus A227, A226, D930, and D958 as S. su~s (7,8), and stratus A481 and A482, formerly designated C101 and C33, asS. bovis (9). Strata D956 is a noncapsulated variant of strata D930; S suis type 1 (A228), type 2, (D930), and provisional type 3 (A227) correspond to deMoor's groups S, R, and T, respectively (5). Strains A227 and A228 (formerly demgnated PM23) have been described (7) Strain D930 was isolated from a human case of pig meningitis (8) Streptococcal Extracts. HC1 (pH2) extracts were prepared as previously described (10) Phenol extracts were prepared from cultures grown in Todd-Hewltt broth for 18 h at 37°C. The cocci harvested by centrifugatmn from 5 hters of culture were washed twine m sahne and resuspended in 25 ml H20. To this suspension was added 25 m190% phenol The phenol suspension

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Streptococcal infection in young pigs: IV. An outbreak of streptococcal meningitis in weaned pigs

Cited by 86 publications

References 12 publications

Streptococcus suis infections in pigs in the Netherlands (Part I)

Streptococcus suis infections in pigs in the Netherlands (Part I)

Bacterial Isolation from Slaughtered Pigs Associated with Endocarditis, Especially the Isolation of Streptococcus suis.

Teichoic acids of group D streptococci with special reference to strains from pig meningitis (Streptococcus suis).

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