Stress and cardiovascular health: An international cooperative study—II the male population of a factory at Zurich

Şchär, M.; Reeder, Leo G.; Dirken, J.M.

doi:10.1016/0037-7856(73)90027-9

Cited by 46 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Psychological symptoms were assessed using the Reeder Stress Inventory (11,12), a 4-item questionnaire instrument widely used earlier (11–14) that consists of the following statements: 1) “In general I am usually tense or nervous”; 2) “There is a great amount of nervous strain connected with my daily activities”; 3) “At the end of the day I am completely exhausted mentally and physically”; and 4) “My daily activities are extremely trying and stressful”. A 5-point scale, with the response choices of “not at all” to “extremely,” allowed participants to rate their level of tension or anxiety.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Somatic Symptoms of Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: The Health and Social Support Prospective Cohort Study

Nabi

Hall

Koskenvuo

et al. 2010

Biological Psychiatry

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Background Despite evidence showing anxiety to be a negative emotion that can be accompanied by various psychological and somatic complaints, previous studies have rarely considered these two components of anxiety separately in relation to coronary heart disease (CHD) events. This study aims to examine the extent to which the psychological and somatic components of anxiety are predictive of CHD. Methods This is a prospective population-based cohort study of 24,128 participants (9830 men, 14,298 women) aged 20 to 54 years. Psychological and somatic symptoms were assessed at study baseline in 1998. Fatal and nonfatal CHD events during the following 7 years were documented from data on hospitalizations from the National Hospital Discharge Register and mortality records from the Statistics Finland Register. Results In men, unadjusted hazard ratios for CHD per one unit increase in mean score were 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–1.87) for somatic symptoms and 1.04 (95% CI, .85–1.29) for psychological symptoms. After serial adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, biobehavioral risk factors, and clinically significant symptoms of depression, these associations were completely attenuated. In women, the corresponding unadjusted hazard ratios were 2.25 (95% CI, 1.66–3.06) and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.12–2.13), respectively. The corresponding fully adjusted hazard ratios were 1.47 (95% CI, 1.04–2.06) and 1.24 (95% CI, .91–1.70). Conclusions Somatic symptoms of anxiety were robustly associated with an increased risk of CHD in women. This finding lends support to the physiological pathway for the association between psychological factors, anxiety in particular, and CHD.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Somatic Symptoms of Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: The Health and Social Support Prospective Cohort Study

Nabi

Hall

Koskenvuo

et al. 2010

Biological Psychiatry

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“…Psychosocial stress in this study was investigated by a questionnaire based on the Reeder scale [41,42]. The Reeder scale uses four statements experienced in everyday stressful situations as "usually tense or nervous", "daily activities are extremely trying and stressful".…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The factors associated to psychosocial stress among general practitioners in Lithuania. Cross-sectional study

Vanagas

Bihari‐Axelsson

2005

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background: There are number of studies showing that general practice is one of the most stressful workplace among health care workers. Since Baltic States regained independence in 1990, the reform of the health care system took place in which new role and more responsibilities were allocated to general practitioners' in Lithuania. This study aimed to explore the psychosocial stress level among Lithuanian general practitioner's and examine the relationship between psychosocial stress and work characteristics.

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“…It was measured using the Chapman, Reeder, and Bonin (1966) 4-item Subjective Stress Scale. This scale has been shown to correlate positively with personal and familial history of cardiovascular disease (Schar, Reeder, & Dirken, 1973), with elevated blood pressure levels, and with a wide variety of physical symptoms (Myers, 1981). Trait anxiety.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Stress, Health, and Blood Pressure in Black College Students

Myers

Bastien

Miles³

1983

Journal of Black Psychology

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A multivariate stress and health risk model is proposed to test the contribution of stress on blood pressure in Black college students. Measures of stress reaction pattern, level of stress exposure, personal level of distress, the availability of social supports, personal and family health history, and health status were obtained from a sample of 191 Black university students. Multiple regression analyses predicting systolic and diastolic blood pressure overall and by gender supported the hypothesis that stress interacts with prior familial health history, personal health status, and level of subjective distress to predict blood pressure. Stress affected health and blood pressure differently for Black males and females.

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Stress and cardiovascular health: An international cooperative study—II the male population of a factory at Zurich

Cited by 46 publications

References 15 publications

Psychological and Somatic Symptoms of Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: The Health and Social Support Prospective Cohort Study

Psychological and Somatic Symptoms of Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: The Health and Social Support Prospective Cohort Study

The factors associated to psychosocial stress among general practitioners in Lithuania. Cross-sectional study

Life Stress, Health, and Blood Pressure in Black College Students

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