Stress and Its Effects on Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study at a College of Medicine in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Medical education is perceived as being stressful, and a high level of stress may have a negative effect on cognitive functioning and learning of students in a medical school. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of stress among medical students and to observe an association between the levels of stress and their academic performance, including the sources of their stress. All the medical students from year one to year five levels from the College of Medicine, King Saud University, were enrolled in the study. The study was conducted using Kessler10 psychological distress (K10) inventory, which measures the level of stress according to none, mild, moderate, and severe categories. The prevalence of stress was measured and compared with the five study variables, such as gender, academic year, academic grades, regularity to course attendance, and perceived physical problems. The response rate among the study subjects was 87% (n=892). The total prevalence of stress was 63%, and the prevalence of severe stress was 25%. The prevalence of stress was higher (p<0.5) among females (75.7%) than among males (57%) (odds ratio=2.3, χ2=27.2, p<0.0001). The stress significantly decreased as the year of study increased, except for the final year. The study variables, including being female (p<0.0001), year of study (p<0.001), and presence of perceived physical problems (p<0.0001), were found as independent significant risk factors for the outcome variables of stress. Students' grade point average (academic score) or regularity to attend classes was not significantly associated with the stress level. The prevalence of stress was higher during the initial three years of study and among the female students. Physical problems are associated with high stress levels. Preventive mental health services, therefore, could be made an integral part of routine clinical services for medical students, especially in the initial academic years, to prevent such occurrence.

An evaluation of stress in medical students at a South African university

“…Similar findings were made in a number of other studies. 2,5,7,13,14 The students in our study enrolled in a problem-based learning curriculum which commenced in 2001.…”

Qualidade De Vida E Transtornos Mentais Comuns Em Estudantes De Medicina

“…A formação médica parece ter um impacto negativo sobre a saúde mental dos alunos, podendo haver vários determinantes dessa situação, como a sobrecarga acadêmica (20)(21) , frequências elevadas de estresse (22)(23) , ansiedade e depressão (24)(25)(26) e relação destes com menores valores da qualidade de vida.…”

Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stressamong the Undergraduate Medical Students of Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.

“…In many medical schools, the environment itself can cause significant pressure among medical students due to its authoritarian and rigid system which encourages competition rather than cooperation between learners. (4,5) The estimated prevalence of emotional disturbance found in different studies on medical students was higher than that in the general population. In a British study, the prevalence of stress among medical students was found to be 31.2% (6).…”