Stress and its impact on farm animals

Kumar, Balvinder

doi:10.2741/e496

Cited by 68 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Cortisol, immune variables, and metabolic indicators in blood are the biomarkers most widely used to detect stress in both pigs and humans because the HPA axis, immune system, and metabolism are extremely sensitive to stress (33,34). In this study, blood cortisol significantly increased and maintained high levels in the ACTH group; blood immune variables were altered after ACTH administration, indicating that the immune system was activated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone affects genome‐wide DNA methylation and transcriptome of corpus luteum in sows

Zhao

Wei

et al. 2018

FASEB j.

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Stress is known to cause corpus luteum (CL) dysfunction, and stress hormones play a critical role in this process. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, weaned sows were injected with synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) for 7 d; whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing was used respectively to investigate the systematic association between ACTH administration and DNA methylation in CL and its relationship to gene expression. Results showed that ACTH treatment significantly increased the concentrations of Cortisol (P < 0.05). The genome‐wide DNA methylation maps of CL were provided, and the global analysis showed the difference between the 2 groups exists in the chromosomes and feature regions of the genome. A total of 88,559 DMRs were identified and the most DMR‐related genes were gathered in terms of metabolic biologic processes, and some DMR‐related genes were involved in cellular differentiation. Nine differentially expressed genes were screened out of coexpressed genes and 4 DMR‐associated genes that were also differentially expressed (P < 0.05). In summary, our study firstly provides insight into the regulation of ACTH administration on genomic DNA methylation and gene expression in CL. We revealed a remarkable alteration of DNA methylation in CL caused by ACTH treatment, and identified 4 DMR‐related genes that may be involved in the CL function under stress conditions.—Zhao, F., Wu, W., Wei, Q., Shen, M., Li, B., Jiang, Y., Liu, K., Liu, H. Exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone affects genome‐wide DNA methylation and transcriptome of corpus luteum in sows. FASEB J. 33, 3264–3278 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone affects genome‐wide DNA methylation and transcriptome of corpus luteum in sows

Zhao

Wei

et al. 2018

FASEB j.

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“…For example, the impacts of organic farming on eutrophication, but not biodiversity, have been studied in Sweden, although a large-scale meta-analysis has found positive effects of organic farming on biodiversity [115]. Studies have revealed a link between higher animal welfare and more disease resistant animals [116,117], indicating that interventions aimed at increasing animal welfare could also affect livestock epidemiology. A review focusing on the USA found positive effects of integrated animal and crop production on yield and profitability [118], which could potentially be true under Swedish market conditions as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergies and Trade-Offs for Sustainable Food Production in Sweden: An Integrated Approach

et al. 2019

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The production of food can have large impacts on sustainable development in relation to various socio-ecological dimensions, like climate change, the environment, animal welfare, livestock epidemiology, and the economy. To achieve a sustainable food production system in Sweden, an integrated approach that considers all five of these dimensions, and all parts of the food production chain, is necessary. This paper systematically reviewed the literature related to food production in Sweden, especially in association with resource distribution and recycling logistics, and identified potential sustainability interventions and assessed their effects according to the five dimensions. Participation of stakeholders across the food production chain contributed with the focus of the literature search and subsequent synthesis. In general, there were synergies between the sustainability interventions and their effect on climate change and the environment, while there often were trade-offs between effects on the economy and the other dimensions. Few interventions considered effects on animal welfare or livestock epidemiology and few studies dealt with resource distribution and recycling logistics. This indicates that there is a need for future research that considers this in particular, as well as research that considers the whole food production chain and all dimensions at once, and investigates effects across multiple scales.

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“…Due to the fact that the SAM(sympathetic adrenal medullary system) is activated in response to a short-term or acute stress, its inability to rectify a stressful event results in the activation of the HPA axis (Lynch 2010), which, as mentioned earlier, is involved in resolving long-term, chronic stress (Kumar et al, 2012). Figure 2 illustrates the HPA axis pathway, associated hormones and target systems.…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 07 (2018)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HPA axis can be regarded as a crucial neuroendocrine system that is involved in the control of diverse physiological processes and adaptations to stress (Mormède et al, 2007). When the environmental pressure of a perceived stress exceeds that to which an animal"s adaptive mechanisms can accomodate (Kumar et al, 2012), this system produces energetic metabolites that arise either from energy storage tissues or from the transformation of proteins into energetic metabolites (Mormède et al, 2011). As such, HPA axis integrity and precise regulation of its function are essential characteristics of the successful adaptive response to any stressor.…”

Section: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (Hpa) Axismentioning

confidence: 99%