2016
DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04312g
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Stress-induced colouration and crosslinking of polymeric materials by mechanochemical formation of triphenylimidazolyl radicals

Abstract: Under mechanical stress, the hexaarylbiimidazole (HABI) motif can cleave to triphenylimidazolyl radicals when incorporated into a polymer matrix. The mechanically produced coloured radicals can initiate secondary radical reactions yielding polymer networks. Thus, the HABI mechanophore combines optical reporting of bond scission and reinforcement of polymers in a single molecular moiety.

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Cited by 136 publications
(128 citation statements)
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“…Mechanoresponsive materials have recently received increasing interest . In particular, mechanochromic polymers, which exhibit color changes upon exposure to mechanical stress, have attracted much attention in the field of materials science, because they are able to detect damage in materials, thus potentially preventing serious accidents by providing the chance to easily identify damaged parts and replace or repair them . The main strategy for the design of mechanochromic polymers involves the incorporation of mechanochromophores, that is, optically mechanoresponsive moieties, into polymer chains.…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mechanoresponsive materials have recently received increasing interest . In particular, mechanochromic polymers, which exhibit color changes upon exposure to mechanical stress, have attracted much attention in the field of materials science, because they are able to detect damage in materials, thus potentially preventing serious accidents by providing the chance to easily identify damaged parts and replace or repair them . The main strategy for the design of mechanochromic polymers involves the incorporation of mechanochromophores, that is, optically mechanoresponsive moieties, into polymer chains.…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Covalent polymer mechanochemistry12345 has been extensively explored in recent years for a variety of purposes, including biasing reaction pathways6789, trapping transition states and intermediates1011, catalysis12131415, release of small molecules and protons161718, stress reporting19202122, stress strengthening222324 and soft devices2526. These efforts are largely facilitated by the fact that, unlike other energy sources, mechanical force is directional and regulated by local molecular structure.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[4][5][6][7][8] Die kontinuierliche Entwicklung neuer Mechanophore und ihrer jeweiligen Nachweismethoden ist jedoch von grçßter Bedeutung,u md ie kraftinduzierten molekularen Veränderungen und ihren Beitrag zum makroskopischen Versagen des Materials mit der von außen einwirkenden Kraft qualitativ und schließlich auch quantitativ zu korrelieren. Beliebte molekulare Strukturen sind u. a. Spiropyran [9][10][11][12] und seine Rhodamin Derivate, [13][14][15] Diels-Alder-Addukte mit latenten Anthracenen, [16][17][18][19][20][21] persistente delokalisierte Radikale, [22][23][24][25][26] und aggregachrome Farbstoffe. [27][28][29] Unter diesen kçnnen Fluorophore,d ie mit mechanischer Kraft "angeschaltet" werden, als die empfindlichsten angesehen werden.…”
Section: Die Optische Erkennung Von Schäden Und Drohendemunclassified
“…[1][2][3] Bis heute wurden eine Vielzahl von Mechanochromophoren und Mechanofluorophoren entwickelt, die bei mechanischer Belastung entweder ihre Absorptions-oder Emissionseigenschaften ändern und als empfindliche Kraftsonden im molekularen Maßstab dienen. Beliebte molekulare Strukturen sind u. a. Spiropyran [9][10][11][12] und seine Rhodamin Derivate, [13][14][15] Diels-Alder-Addukte mit latenten Anthracenen, [16][17][18][19][20][21] persistente delokalisierte Radikale, [22][23][24][25][26] und aggregachrome Farbstoffe. Beliebte molekulare Strukturen sind u. a. Spiropyran [9][10][11][12] und seine Rhodamin Derivate, [13][14][15] Diels-Alder-Addukte mit latenten Anthracenen, [16][17][18][19][20][21] persistente delokalisierte Radikale, [22][23][24][25][26] und aggregachrome Farbstoffe.…”
unclassified