Stress-induced ulceration in adrenalectomized and normal rats

Simpson, Charles W.; Wilson, Linda G. M.; DiCara, Leo V.; Jarrett, K. John; Carroll, Bernard J.

doi:10.3758/bf03333187

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similar results were obtained by Simpson et al (1975), who used a single 19-hr session and tail shock. Adrenalectomized and unoperated rats were given predictable, unpredictable, or no-shock conditions.…”

Section: Stomach Lesionssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…We mentioned 'that differential food consumption may affect ulceration. Still, when differential food consumption is not present, predictable shock again results in less ulcer development (Caul et al, 1972;Guile & McCutcheon, in press;Mezinskis et al, 1971;Price, 1972;Simpson et al, 1975;Weiss, 1970). Fare's (1964 study is the only long-term investigation that examined differential ulceration due to predictable and truly unpredictable shock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weiss's (1970, Experiment 1) results have since been replicated in several studies patterned after his design (Caul et al, 1972;Guile & McCutcheon, in press;Mezinskis et al, 1971;Price, 1972, Experiment 2;Simpson, Wilson, DiCara, Jarrett, &Carroll, 1975). Mezinskis et al, (1971) compared the amount of ulceration between groups receiving signaled shock, unsignaled shock, or random signals and shocks.…”

Section: Stomach Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Predictable and unpredictable shock: Behavioral measures of aversion and physiological measures of stress.

Abbott¹,

Schoen²,

Badia³

1984

Psychological Bulletin

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Previous articles have reviewed the behavioral literature and concluded that predictable shock conditions are less aversive than unpredictable shock conditions. This article reviews the literature on predictable and unpredictable shock conditions relative to physiological measures of stressfulness and considers the possible role of stress-induced analgesia in both the physiological and behavioral effects. It finds that unpredictable conditions are physiologically more stressful than predictable conditions when subjects are exposed to them for one or a few sessions and parameters of stress are relatively severe. However, predictable conditions may be more stressful than unpredictable conditions when sessions are long and extend over days and parameters of stress are less severe. The effect of extended stress appears to depend upon the physiological measure used. These findings are discussed in terms of the phasic versus chronic nature of predictable versus unpredictable stress and the organism's ability to adapt physiologically to these conditions. Finally, the data on stress-induced analgesia are reviewed. We conclude that stress-induced analgesia does not significantly contribute to either preference for predictable over unpredictable stress or their differential physiological effects.

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Section: Stomach Lesionssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stomach Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Predictable and unpredictable shock: Behavioral measures of aversion and physiological measures of stress.

Abbott¹,

Schoen²,

Badia³

1984

Psychological Bulletin

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“…Suggestions that REM may be important for emotional processing also may appear to be at odds with the prevailing view that predictable shock is less anxiogenic than unpredictable shock, based on findings that animals prefer signaled over unsignaled shocks. [11][12][13] However, studies have also reported that predictable shock is associated with an increase in ulcer development, 34,35 greater weight loss, 36,37 and increased susceptibility to disease. 38 Indeed, the preference for predictability is likely affected by several experimental parameters, including shock intensity, signal duration, inter-shock intervals, amount of training, and the dependability of shock-free periods.…”

Section: Predictive Cues and Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Stressor Predictability on Escape Learning and Sleep in Mice

Machida

Yang

Wellman

et al. 2013

Sleep

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“…On the other hand, Simpson, Wilson, DiCara, Jarrett, and Carroll (1975) failed to find any differences between predictable and unpredictable groups, as did Hennessy, King, McClure, and Levine (1977) and Davis and Levine (1982). The only study to demonstrate a greater elevation in corticosterone values in the unpredictable group is that of Weiss (1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Cardiovascular, plasma catecholamine, and corticosterone responses to alterations in the predictability of electric shock in the rat

Lawler

Cox²,

Barker³

et al. 1984

Psychobiology

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Although rats show a clear behavioral preference for predictable versus unpredictable cutaneous electric shock, there have been few studies that have addressed the cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal correlates of alterations in the predictability of aversive events. The current experiments sought to measure systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and plasma levels of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and corticosterone (CORT)in three groups of rats in conditions that differed in the predictability of shock in the presence or absence of a tone. It was predicted, in line with all the major theories of preference for signaled shock, that rats receiving unpredictable shock would show the greatest elevation in cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal function. In the first experiment, contrary to expectation, rats receiving the most predictable electric shocks showed the greatest elevations in systolic blood pressure. In Experiment 2, these findings were extended to diastolic blood pressure as well. Heart rate, on the other hand, revealed no differences between complete predictability and no predictability groups. However, heart rate was significantly higher in the group receiving intermediate predictability, effects which could be due to baroreceptor function. Although plasma catecholamines revealed no group differences, CORT showed a trend for the intermediate group to be the highest. These data are discussed with reference to other physiological studies on, and to theoretical explanations of, the preference for signaled shock.

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Stress-induced ulceration in adrenalectomized and normal rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Predictable and unpredictable shock: Behavioral measures of aversion and physiological measures of stress.

Predictable and unpredictable shock: Behavioral measures of aversion and physiological measures of stress.

Effects of Stressor Predictability on Escape Learning and Sleep in Mice

Cardiovascular, plasma catecholamine, and corticosterone responses to alterations in the predictability of electric shock in the rat

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