Stress inoculation training to control anxiety in sport: two case studies in squash.

Mace, Roger D.

doi:10.1136/bjsm.20.3.115

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…To further develop a performer's stress management skills, the findings of the present study could be used to inform the planning and implementation of stress inoculation training (cf. Meichenbaum, ; Mace & Carroll, ). Specifically, this training involves exposing a performer to appropriate and progressively demanding stressors in a supportive and controllable environment so that they can develop resilience and practice his or her stress management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic differences in sport performers’ experiences of organizational stressors

Arnold

Fletcher

Daniels

2015

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Organizational stressors are particularly prevalent across sport performers' experiences and can influence their performance, health, and well-being. Research has been conducted to identify which organizational stressors are encountered by sport performers, but little is known about how these experiences vary from athlete to athlete. The purpose of this study was to examine if the frequency, intensity, and duration of the organizational stressors that sport performers encounter vary as a function of gender, sport type, and performance level. Participants (n = 1277) completed the Organizational Stressor Indicator for Sport Performers (OSI-SP; Arnold et al., 2013), and the resultant data were analyzed using multivariate analyses of covariance. The findings show that demographic differences are apparent in the dimensions of the goals and development, logistics and operations, team and culture, coaching, and selection organizational stressors that sport performers encounter. More specifically, significant differences were found between males and females, between team and individual-based performers, and between performers competing at national or international, regional or university, and county or club levels. These findings have important implications for theory and research on organizational stress, and for the development of stress management interventions with sport performers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic differences in sport performers’ experiences of organizational stressors

Arnold

Fletcher

Daniels

2015

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…In sports, such approaches have already been demonstrated to be effective to reduce anxiety and increase performance (Hamilton & Fremouw, 1985;Mace & Carroll, 1986, 1989.…”

Section: A Coach Perspective On the Use Of Planned Disruptions In Higmentioning

confidence: 99%

A coach perspective on the use of planned disruptions in high-performance sports.

Kegelaers

Wylleman²,

Oudejans³

2020

Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology

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In elite sports, a case is increasingly made for the structural inclusion of what we label as planned disruptions. These are structured and deliberate training activities whereby athletes are exposed to increased and/or changing demands under controlled circumstances. Despite the growing body of evidence in support of planned disruptions (e.g., Sarkar & Fletcher, 2017), there is a lack of knowledge on which strategies coaches use in an applied context and why they use them. The present study, therefore, aimed at exploring the different types of planned disruptions high performance coaches use and the desired outcomes of these disruptions. To this end, thematic analysis (Braun, Clarke, & Weate, 2016) was used to analyse semi-structured interviews with nine talent development and elite level coaches (Mage = 42.9, SD = 8.3; 6 male, 3 female). Results indicated that coaches use a combination of nine types of planned disruptions (i.e., location, competition simulation, punishments & rewards, physical strain, stronger competition, distractions, unfairness, restrictions, and outside the box). These strategies were used to familiarize athletes to pressure, create awareness, develop or refine personal resources, and promote team processes. Three additional themes emerged, namely the surprise use of planned disruptions, periodization, and the impact on personal relationships. The findings in the present study can guide further applied and theoretical explorations of the use of planned disruptions.

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“…Therefore, we expected that activation and emotional control would be relevant to understanding both imagery and self-talk's indirect effects on endurance. Furthermore, the use of imagery and self-talk can serve an affirmatory purpose thus assisting performance by reducing levels of negative thinking (Mace & Carroll, 1986). Previous research has also reported that imagery and ST use can enhance athletes' attentional control (Calmels, Berthoumieux, & D'Arripe-Longueville, 2004;Hatzigeorgiadis et al, 2007) and so could assist to block out irrelevant stimuli, such as pain.…”

Section: Psychological Skills and Endurancementioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Skills and “the Paras”: The Indirect Effects of Psychological Skills on Endurance

Arthur

Fitzwater

Roberts

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Sport Psychology

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We examined the indirect effects of basic psychological skills (PS) on military endurance through enhanced advanced PS, whilst controlling for fitness. British Army recruits (n = 159) participated in three endurance events for Parachute Regiment selection and completed an adapted Test of Performance Strategies questionnaire (Hardy etal., 2010). Following confirmatory factor analyses, the multiple mediation regression analyses using PROCESS (Hayes, 2013) suggested that goal-setting, imagery and relaxation all had positive indirect effects on endurance via activation, with goal setting also impacting on endurance via negative thinking. These data provide some support for basic PS influencing endurance via advanced PS

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Stress inoculation training to control anxiety in sport: two case studies in squash.

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Demographic differences in sport performers’ experiences of organizational stressors

Demographic differences in sport performers’ experiences of organizational stressors

A coach perspective on the use of planned disruptions in high-performance sports.

Psychological Skills and “the Paras”: The Indirect Effects of Psychological Skills on Endurance

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