Striatal interneurones: chemical, physiological and morphological characterization

Kawaguchi, Yasuo; Wilson, Charles J.; Augood, Sarah J.; Emson, Piers C.

doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)98374-8

Cited by 1,076 publications

(958 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Only neurones that were seen to have soma in excess of 30 jim in their longest axis were chosen for this study. Upon membrane breakthrough, these neurones displayed electrophysiological characteristics similar to those previously attributed to cholinergic interneurones (Kawaguchi, 1992;Kawaguchi et al, 1995). Thus, these neurones had a resting membrane potential of -55.6 ±1.0 mV (n = 27) and often fired spontaneous action potentials at a rate of 2-5 Hz.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of K_ATP Channel Activity

Lee

Brownhill

Richardson

1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Abstract:The suiphonylureas tolbutamide and glibenclamide were shown to stimulate acetylcholine release from rat striatal slices. To determine the mechanism of this effect, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were made from large neurones within the striatum that displayed morphological, electrophysiological, and pharmacological characteristics typical of cholinergic interneurones. Dialysis of these neurones with a pipette solution containing low concentrations of ATP produced a gradual hyperpolarisation that could be reversed by bath application of the sulphonylureas. In voltage-clamp studies, these compounds were shown to act through the inhibition of a potassium conductance. lt is concluded that cholinergic interneurones within the rat striatum express sulphonylurea-sensitive ATP-sensitive potassium channel activity. These channels are probably cytoprotective and may prove to be novel sites of therapeutic modulation. Key Words: Acetylcholine-lnterneurone-ATP-sensitive potassium channel-Striatum. J. Neurochem. 69, 1774Neurochem. 69, -1776Neurochem. 69, (1997.ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels have been identified in a large number of excitable cells and are believed to provide a link between cellular excitability and metabolic status (Ashcroft and Ashcroft, 1990). As these channels are inhibited by normal intracellular ATP concentrations, it has been postulated that they may perform a cytoprotective function under anoxic conditions. Thus, when ATP concentrations fall in a metabolically compromised cell, KATP channels are activated, causing membrane hyperpolarisation with a consequent reduction in energy demand. In many tissues, KATP channel activity can be inhibited by the antidiabetic sulphonylureas that appear specific for this class of potassium channel (Sturgess et al., 1985). Within the CNS, the stnatal medium spiny projection neurones are known to be particularly vulnerable to anoxia, whereas striatal interneurones are more resistant to such insults (Francis and Pulsinelli, 1982). In relation to this, unidentified interneurones within the striatum have been shown recently to hyperpolarise in response to aglycaemia (Calabresi et al., 1997). Consequently, as the striatum is known to exhibit a high density of sulphonylurea binding (Treherne and Ashford, 1991), we have investigated whether interneurones within the striatum exhibit KATP channel activity. In particular, we have focused our attention on the cholinergic interneurones that are well characterised, easily identified (Kawaguchi, 1993), and implicated in striatal malfunctions, such as Parkinson's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODSBrains were removed from 14-28-day-old male SpragueDawley rats, and 300-~tmcoronal slices containing the striaturn were prepared in physiological saline using a Vibratorne. The physiological saline contained 125.0 mM NaC1, 25.0 mM NaHCO 3, 10.0 mM glucose, 2.5 mM KC1, 1.25 mM NaH2PO4, 2.0 mM CaC12, and 1.0 mM MgC12 and was bubbled with a 95% 02/5% CO2 gas mixture. This solution was also used as the extracellular solution i...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of K_ATP Channel Activity

Lee

Brownhill

Richardson

1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…Four different subpopulations of interneurons within the striatum were identified in the present study, all of them displaying the classical morphological features and preferred distribution previously reported for these striatal interneurons (Kubota and Kawaguchi, 1993;Kawaguchi et al, 1995;Wu and Parent, 2000). In general, PV-ir neurons were the largest in diameter and CR-ir neurons were the smallest.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Projection neurons are medium-sized spiny cells, comprising up to 95% of the total striatal neuronal population in rodents (Wilson and Groves, 1980;Chang et al, 1982). Several types of striatal interneuron have been described to date (Kawaguchi et al, 1995), including large cholinergic interneurons (ChAT-ir; Lehmann and Langer, 1983;Satoh et al, 1983;Vincent et al, 1983a,b;Bolam et al, 1984), GABAergic interneurons immunoreactive for the calcium binding proteins parvalbumin (PV-ir; Cowan et al, 1990;Kita et al, 1990) or calretinin (CR-ir; Bennett and Bolam, 1993;Figueredo-Cárdenas et al, 1996a;Mura et al, 2000), and interneurons expressing the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d), somatostatin, neuropeptide Y and calbindin (Bolam et al, 1983;Scherer-Singler et al, 1983;Vincent and Johansson, 1983;Vincent et al, 1983a,b;Sandell et al, 1986;Kowall et al, 1987;Kita and Kitai, 1988;Hope and Vincent, 1989;Kawaguchi et al, 1995;Rushlow et al, 1995;Figueredo-Cárdenas et al, 1996b;Wu and Parent, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sequential protocol combining dual neuroanatomical tract-tracing with the visualization of local circuit neurons within the striatum

Gonzalo

Moreno

Erdozain

et al. 2001

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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We describe here an experimental approach designed to aid in the identification of complex brain circuits within the rat corpus striatum. Our aim was to characterize in a single section (i) striatal thalamic afferents, (ii) striatopallidal projection neurons and (iii) striatal local circuit interneurons. To this end, we have combined anterograde tracing using biotinylated dextran amine and retrograde neuroanatomical tracing with Fluoro-Gold. This dual tracing protocol was further implemented with the visualization of different subpopulations of striatal interneurons. The subsequent use of three different peroxidase substrates enabled us to unequivocally detect structures that were labeled within a three-color paradigm.

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“…In the dorsal striatum, projection neurons comprise 90% of all the cells; however, interneurons comprise only 10% of striatal cells and are implicated in regulating striatal projection function. It is the interneurons that are the primary source of nNOS in this brain region (Kawaguchi and Emson, 1996;Marin et al, 2000).…”

Section: Interference Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain nitric oxide: Regional characterisation of a real-time microelectrochemical sensor

Finnerty¹,

O'Riordan²,

Pålsson³

et al. 2012

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. a b s t r a c tA reliable method of directly measuring endogenously generated nitric oxide (NO) in real-time and in various brain regions is presented. An extensive characterisation of a previously described amperometric sensor has been carried out in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats. Systemic administration of saline caused a transient increase in signal from baseline levels in both the prefrontal cortex (13 ± 3 pA, n = 17) and nucleus accumbens (12 ± 3 pA, n = 8). NO levels in the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased by 43 ± 9 pA (n = 9) following administration of l-arginine. A similar trend was observed in the nucleus accumbens, where an increase of 44 ± 9 pA (n = 8) was observed when compared against baseline levels. Systemic injections of the non-selective NOS inhibitor l-NAME produced a significant decrease in current recorded in the prefrontal cortex (24 ± 6 pA, n = 5) and nucleus accumbens (17 ± 3 pA, n = 6). Finally it was necessary to validate the sensors functionality in vivo by investigating the effect of the interferent ascorbate on the oxidation current. The current showed no variation in both regions over the selected time interval of 60 min, indicating no deterioration of the polymer membrane. A detailed comparison identified significantly greater affects of administrations on NO sensors implanted in the striatum than those inserted in the prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens.

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Striatal interneurones: chemical, physiological and morphological characterization

Cited by 1,076 publications

References 94 publications

Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of K_ATP Channel Activity

Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of K_ATP Channel Activity

A sequential protocol combining dual neuroanatomical tract-tracing with the visualization of local circuit neurons within the striatum

Brain nitric oxide: Regional characterisation of a real-time microelectrochemical sensor

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Striatal interneurones: chemical, physiological and morphological characterization

Cited by 1,076 publications

References 94 publications

Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of KATP Channel Activity

Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of KATP Channel Activity

A sequential protocol combining dual neuroanatomical tract-tracing with the visualization of local circuit neurons within the striatum

Brain nitric oxide: Regional characterisation of a real-time microelectrochemical sensor

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Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of K_ATP Channel Activity

Antidiabetic Sulphonylureas Stimulate Acetylcholine Release from Striatal Cholinergic Interneurones Through Inhibition of K_ATP Channel Activity