Strike-slip faulting in the core of the Central Range of west New Guinea: Ertsberg Mining District, Indonesia

Sapiie, Benyamin; Cloos, Mark

doi:10.1130/b25319.1

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This result is in excellent agreement with the regional pattern of extension indicated by veining (Sapiie and Cloos, 2004). The finite strain axes (el, e2, e3) were evaluated using a Flinn diagram to show the variability of the strain field ( Table 2).…”

Section: Application To Heat and Grasberg Road Datasupporting

confidence: 64%

“…( C o n s t r i c t i o n ) P r o l a t e s t r a i n O b l a t e s t r a i n ( F l a t t e n i n g ) (Figure 10). The kinematic analysis of the fault-slip data yield a result consistent with the left-lateral strike-slip faulting with a principal shortening direction trending NE-SW, a principal extension direction trending NW-SE, and an intermediate principal strain that is sub-vertical (Sapiie and Cloos, 2004).…”

Section: Structural Domain (D)mentioning

confidence: 49%

“…R-and R'-shears are numerous in the region. The relative abundance of minor normal faults along the HEAT road indicates that the extension parallel to the strike-slip offset exceeded the shortening perpendicular to the strike (Sapiie and Cloos, 2004).…”

Section: Stage 2 (~4 -2 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least three of the major strike-slip fault zones (WGF, E2F and ElF) have breccias, igneous dikes, and mineralization, indicating the strikeslip faulting was a significant factor in creating openings for intrusion and permeability for the flow of hydrothermal fluid (Sapiie and Cloos, 2004).…”

Section: Stage 2 (~4 -2 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the deformation in the Central Range is a result of an oblique convergent motion that led to an arc-continent collision between the Australian and Pacific Plates (Sapiie, 1998;Cloos et al, 2005). The results of detailed structural mapping at the GBMD along a 15-km traverse of the Heavy Equipment Access Trail (HEAT) and the Grasberg mine access road have provided new information concerning the Late Cenozoic structural evolution of the Central Range of Papua (Sapiie, 1998;Sapiie and Cloos, 2004;and Cloos et al, 2005). The main purpose of this paper is to present the results of a detailed kinematic analysis using fault-slip data (fault plane and striation/slickensides) in the ramification deformation and tectonic evolution of the study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematic Analysis of Fault-Slip Data in the Central Range of Papua, Indonesia

Sapiie¹

2016

Indonesian J. Geosci.

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-Most of the Cenozoic tectonic evolution in New Guinea is a result of obliquely convergent motion that led to an arc-continent collision between the Australian and Pacific Plates. The Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District (GBMD) is located in the Central Range of Papua, in the western half of the island of New Guinea. This study presents the results of detailed structural mapping concentrated on analyzing fault-slip data along a 15-km traverse of the Heavy Equipment Access Trail (HEAT) and the Grasberg mine access road, providing new information concerning the deformation in the GBMD and the Cenozoic structural evolution of the Central Range. Structural analysis indicates that two distinct stages of deformation have occurred since ~12 Ma. The first stage generated a series of en-echelon NW-trending (π-fold axis = 300°) folds and a few reverse faults. The second stage resulted in a significant left-lateral strike-slip faulting sub-parallel to the regional strike of upturned bedding. Kinematic analysis reveals that the areas between the major strike-slip faults form structural domains that are remarkably uniform in character. The change in deformation styles from contractional to a strike-slip offset is explained as a result from a change in the relative plate motion between the Pacific and Australian Plates at ~4 Ma. From ~4 -2 Ma, transform motion along an ~ 270° trend caused a left-lateral strike-slip offset, and reactivated portions of pre-existing reverse faults. This action had a profound effect on magma emplacement and hydrothermal activity.

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Section: Application To Heat and Grasberg Road Datasupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Structural Domain (D)mentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Stage 2 (~4 -2 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stage 2 (~4 -2 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematic Analysis of Fault-Slip Data in the Central Range of Papua, Indonesia

Sapiie¹

2016

Indonesian J. Geosci.

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Growth of the Maritime Continent and its possible contribution to recurring Ice Ages

Molnár

Cronin

2015

Paleoceanography

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The areal extent of the Maritime Continent (the islands of Indonesia and surrounding region) has grown larger by~60% since 5 Ma. We argue that this growth might have altered global climate in two ways that would have contributed to making recurring Ice Ages possible. First, because rainfall over the islands of the Maritime Continent not only is heavier than that over the adjacent ocean but also correlates with the strength of the Walker Circulation, the growth of the Maritime Continent since 5 Ma may have contributed to the cooling of the eastern tropical Pacific since that time. Scaling relationships between the strength of the Walker Circulation and rainfall over the islands of the Maritime Continent and between sea surface temperature (SST) of the eastern tropical Pacific and the strength of easterly wind stress suggest that the increase in areal extent of islands would lead to a drop in that SST of 0.75°C. Although only a fraction of the 3-4°C decrease in SSTs between the eastern and western tropical Pacific, the growth of the Maritime Continent may have strengthened the Walker Circulation, increased the east-west temperature gradient across the Pacific and thereby enabled ice sheets to wax and wane over Canada since 3 Ma. Second, because the weathering of basaltic rock under warm, moist conditions extracts CO 2 from the atmosphere more rapidly than weathering of other rock or of basalt under cooler or drier conditions, the increase in weathering due to increasing area of basalt in the Maritime Continent may have drawn down enough CO 2 from the atmosphere to affect global temperatures. Simple calculations suggest that increased weathering of basalt might have lowered global temperatures by 0.25°C, possibly important for the overall cooling.

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