Stringhalt in Brazilian horses caused by Hypochaeris radicata

Araújo, José Allan S. de; Curcio, B.R.; Alda, Joaquin Lopez de; Medeiros, Rosane M.T.; Riet-Correa, Franklin

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.04.164

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Outbreaks related to the presence of toxic plants have been reported in Australia, New Zealand, 1 North America, 9 and Brazil. 10 Cases clinically similar to those in Australia also have been reported in Italy, Chile, and Japan. 7,11,12 However, as in this case, clinical signs can occur paradoxically in a sporadic or individual form with no exposure to toxic plants.…”

Section: Treatment and Outcomementioning

confidence: 54%

Antemortem Diagnosis of a Distal Axonopathy Causing Severe Stringhalt in a Horse

Armengou

Añor

Climent

et al. 2010

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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A 16-year-old Westfalian gelding was presented to the Equine Teaching Hospital of Barcelona for a 6-week history of a sudden, progressive bilateral abnormal gait in the pelvic limbs. Previous treatment with phenylbutazone and paralumbar corticosteroid (triamcinolone) infiltration had not resulted in improvement. The horse had lived for 2 years in the same pasture with other unaffected horses. None of the other horses developed clinical signs consistent with stringhalt. No history of recent trauma was reported. The horse did not have any previous medical problems, apart from degenerative joint disease of the left radiocarpal and carpometacarpal joints, both metacarpophalangeal joints and both metatarsophalangeal joints that was diagnosed and treated 1 year before presentation.On admission, the horse was excited and reluctant to move, and sedation with xylazine (0.4 mg/kg IV) was needed to move the horse out of the van. When eventually moved, the animal showed a bunny-hopping gait with severe and exaggerated flexion movements, and knuckled on both pelvic limbs (supporting information Video S1). Clinical signs were bilateral, but the right pelvic limb seemed more severely affected than the left. The horse kept the right pelvic limb hyperflexed while standing for several minutes until it relaxed. In addition, severe skin abrasions were found on the dorsal aspect of both carpal areas, and on the cannon bone and fetlock areas of both pelvic limbs caused by the abnormal gait. Complete physical and neurological examinations did not identify any other clinically relevant findings. The clinical diagnosis was bilateral stringhalt grade V/V, according to the gradation scale of Huntington et al. 1Examination of the horse's pasture revealed very few dry plants, and no evidence of any toxic plant. The horse was fed festuca grass hay similar to other horses in the stable, and the food was in good condition. Results of CBC and serum biochemistry did not disclose any abnormalities. Lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid collection was attempted, but a sample could not be obtained. Electromyographic (EMG) examination of the pelvic limb muscles including the long digital extensor was attempted with the horse awake to eliminate a peripheral neuropathy or primary myopathy. Unfortunately, the horse was extremely sensitive to any manipulation of the pelvic limbs and conclusive results could not be obtained.To reach a definitive diagnosis, biopsies from the long digital extensor muscle and the superficial peroneal nerve were obtained 4 days after admission. The horse was premedicated with romifidine (0.03 mg/kg IV) and butorphanol (0.03 mg/kg IV). General anesthesia was induced with diazepam (0.05 mg/kg IV) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg IV) and maintained with isofluorane in 100% oxygen with intermittent positive pressure ventilation. The horse was positioned in left lateral recumbency to obtain biopsies from the right pelvic limb. The lateral surface proximal to the tarsus was clipped and surgically prepared. An 8-cm longitudinal incision was made ...

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Section: Treatment and Outcomementioning

confidence: 54%

Antemortem Diagnosis of a Distal Axonopathy Causing Severe Stringhalt in a Horse

Armengou

Añor

Climent

et al. 2010

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Despite that, several trials have been performed to reproduce AS by feeding H. radicata, these trials had not been successful until Araújo et al (2008) were able to reproduce stringhalt in one horse after being fed a daily amount of 9.8 Kg of fresh H. radicata during 50 days. The main conclusion from that trial was that the toxic substance is not always present in all H. radicata plants or on all premises that have the weed growing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study by Araújo et al (2008), there is not any conclusive information on the incubation period of the presumed neurotoxicity. Animals also show different severities of the disease in an outbreak, and some animals even start only to show signs after being withdrawn from the triggering pastures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals also show different severities of the disease in an outbreak, and some animals even start only to show signs after being withdrawn from the triggering pastures. This suggests a very erratic behavior by the possible toxin that along with the lack of accurate knowledge of the conditions in Argentina would make very difficult to ascertain the exact origin of the outbreak (Huntington et al, 1989;Araújo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An outbreak of Australian Stringhalt associated with skin lesions in Colombia

Oliver

Suárez

2016

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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SummaryAnamnesis: eight Silla Argentina breed horses imported from Argentina presented with an abnormal gait and skin lesions. Clinical and laboratory findings: all cases showed different degrees of hind limb hyperflexion, atrophy of the lateral digital muscles, skin lesions, and poor body condition. They underwent several clinical and laboratory examinations, including endoscopy of the upper respiratory tract, skin and liver biopsy, blood count, biochemical profile, and electromyography that showed evidence of a neuropathy and dermatitis. Treatment approach: the horses were treated with phenylbutazone and thiamine. The response was patient dependent with different degrees of recovery resulting. Conclusion: this is the first report of an outbreak of bilateral Australian Stringhalt in Colombia and the first associated to skin lesions according to the veterinary medicine scientific literature. Keywords: equine, hind limb hyperflexion, Hypochaeris radicata, neuropathy.Resumen Anamnesis: ocho caballos de raza silla Argentina importados de Argentina presentaron un andar anormal y lesiones de piel. Hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio: todos los animales presentaron hiperflexión de los miembros anteriores de forma bilateral, en diferentes grados de severidad; atrofia del músculo digital lateral, lesiones de piel y condición corporal deficiente. Se realizaron endoscopias, biopsias de piel, hematología, química sanguínea, electromiografías que indicaron una neuropatía y dermatitis. ResumoAnamnese: oito cavalos de raça Silla Argentina foram importados a partir da Argentina por una marcha anormal e lesões cutâneas. Achados clínicos e de laboratório: todos os animais apresentaram hiperflexão bilateral dos membros anteriores com diferentes graus de gravidade; atrofia do músculo digital lateral, lesões de pele e condição corporal baixa. Foram efectuadas endoscopias, biópsias de pele, hematologia química sanguínea e electromiografias que indicaram uma neuropatia e uma dermatitis. Abordagem terapêutica: os cavalos foram tratados com fenilbutazona e tiamina obtendo uma resposta variável entre os animais. Conclusão: este é o primeiro relatório de arpejo Australiano reportado na Colômbia e o primeiro associado com lesões de pele de acordo com a literatura científica médico-veterinária.

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“…Since this time, several other outbreaks had been reported in many countries such as New Zealand (Cahill et al, 1985;Cahill et al, 1986;Cahill and Goulden, 1992), Chile (Araya et al, 1998), United States (Gay et al, 1993;Huntington et al, 1989;Robertson-Smith et al, 1985;Slocombe et al, 1992), Italy (Torre, 2005), Brasil (Araujo), more recently in France (Domange et al, 2010;Gouy et al, 2005) and were suspected in Japan (Takahashi et al, 2002). According to most of the authors, a plant of the Asteraceae family (formerly Compositeae family), Hypochoeris radicata L. also named cat's ear, flatweed or capeweed was suspected to be responsible for this disease (Araujo et al, 2008;Gardner et al, 2005;Gay et al, 1993;Gouy et al, 2005). This rosette-forming herb with a yellow terminal flower has a deep taproot, giving it resistance to drought.…”

Section: Problem For Studying Such An Animal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%