Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Iodide with Synergistic Accumulation at a Carbon Paste Electrode

Švancara, Ivan; Konvalina, Jiří; Schachl, Klemens; Kalcher, Kurt; Vytřas, Karel

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199805)10:6<435::aid-elan435>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 59 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In particular, silver electrodes were applied both for cathodic stripping analyses [18][19][20] and as electrochemical detector for iodide determinations by ion-chromatography [11,21,22]. More recently, methods based on adsorptive accumulation [23], ion-pairing [24], ion-exchange at electrodes coated with clays [25] and polylysine [26], have been proposed. From the viewpoint of quick analytical control, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Pereira

Moretto

Leo

et al. 2006

Analytica Chimica Acta

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A procedure for the standardization of ensembles of gold nanodisk electrodes (NEE) of 30 nm diameter is presented, which is based on the analytical comparison between experimental cyclic voltammograms (CV) obtained at the NEEs in diluted solutions of redox probes and CV patterns obtained by digital simulation. Possible origins of defects sometimes found in NEEs are discussed. Selected NEEs are then employed for the study of the electrochemical oxidation of iodide in acidic solutions. CV patterns display typical quasi-reversible behavior which involves associated chemical reactions between adsorbed and solution species. The main CV characteristics at the NEE compare with those observed at millimeter sized gold disk electrodes (Au-macro), apart a slight shift in E 1/2 values and slightly higher peak to peak separation at the NEE. The detection limit (DL) at NEEs is 0.3 M, which is more than one order of magnitude lower than DL at the Au-macro (4 M). The mechanism of the electrochemical oxidation of iodide at NEEs is discussed. Finally, NEEs are applied to the direct determination of iodide at micromolar concentration levels in real samples, namely in some ophthalmic drugs and iodized table salt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Pereira

Moretto

Leo

et al. 2006

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…6,7 As confirmed recently, [11][12][13] e.g. extraction and ion-pairing processes at CPEs originally designed for voltammetric experiments 14,15 are highly effective even in CCSA. Some other processes and types of measurements with CPEs mentioned above are also potentially exploitable in stripping potentiometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…14 The carbon-to-pasting liquid ratio was chosen accordingly to previous experience 14,15 and being the same for all three pastes.…”

Section: Choice Of Carbon Paste Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Ion-pair formation combined with extraction was investigated by using the TCP-CPE specially proposed for such a type of synergistic deposition mechanisms. 15 Since these processes of non-faradayic nature are usually highly selective, the TCP-CPE coupled with CCSA was examined on the determination of iodide.…”

Section: Non-electrolytic Deposition In Stripping Potentiometry At Camentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of Carbon Paste Electrodes in Stripping Potentiometry

et al. 2002

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Experimental ApparatusAn AUTOLAB PGSTAT 10 system equipped with ECD-MODUL and controlled by GPES software (Ecochemie, Utrecht, Holland) was used in combination with an electrode stand (Metrohm, Switzerland) adapted for measurements with CPEs. Besides a CPE (see below), the electrode cell involved also a Pt-wire auxiliary and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode (saturated solution of KCl; Metrohm, Switzerland). Stirring was performed with a Teflon-coated bar at approx. 100 rpm using a magnetic stirrer (Model E 405, Metrohm). Chemicals and reagentsAll chemicals and standard solutions used were of analytical reagent grade and were purchased from Laboratorijske Kemikalije (Slovenia), Kemika Zagreb (Croatia), and Merck. Stock solutions for the preparation of the supporting electrolytes were made 1 mol/L in concentration; standard test solutions used were 0.01 M. The testing of various types of carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) for their use in stripping potentiometry was carried out by means of specially proposed procedures and by using various model analyte systems. CPEs containing three different pasting liquids (paraffin oil, silicone oil, tricresyl phosphate) were tested as supports for mercury-and gold films, and as substrates for electrolytic, adsorptive, ion-pair forming, and extractive accumulation. Test measurements in organic solvent-containing media and studies of some irreversible electrochemical reactions were performed as well. Individual examples to be studied allowed one to formulate and outline some perspectives of CPEs in potentiometric stripping analysis and related constant current stripping analysis.

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“…Considerable affinity of protonated amino group on the PLL films for ion-pairing in the presence of iodide can be explained with some aspects discussed in the literature [28,30,31,35,36]. The iodide oxidation to iodine on carbon paste electrode modified with protonated organic molecules such as lipophilic agent can involves a synergistic effect of ion-pair formation.…”

Section: Oxidation Of Iodide On Pll/ga Modified Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Iodide and Idoxuridine at a Glutaraldehyde‐Cross‐Linked Poly‐L‐Lysine Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

et al. 2005

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The detection limit (about 0.017 mg mL À1 ) for voltammetric determination of iodide (peak at þ 0.87 V vs. Ag/AgCl at pH 2) at a glutaraldehyde-cross-linked poly-l-lysine modified glassy carbon electrode involving oxidation to iodine was found to be several orders of magnitude lower than that for the voltammetric determination on a bare glassy carbon electrode. This method was applied successfully to the determination of iodide in two medicinal formulations. Idoxuridine was determined indirectly at the same electrode by accumulating it first at À 0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl. At this potential the CÀI bond in the adsorbed idoxuridine is reduced giving iodide, which is then determined at the modified electrode. The method was successfully applied to the determination of idoxuridine in a urine sample.

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Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Iodide with Synergistic Accumulation at a Carbon Paste Electrode

Cited by 59 publications

References 18 publications

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Perspectives of Carbon Paste Electrodes in Stripping Potentiometry

Determination of Iodide and Idoxuridine at a Glutaraldehyde‐Cross‐Linked Poly‐L‐Lysine Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

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