Strong associations between national prevalence of various STIs suggests sexual network connectivity is a common underpinning risk factor

Kenyon, Chris

doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2794-x

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Populations with a higher prevalence of BV also tend to have a higher prevalence of other STIs [65]. This association has been shown between BV and HIV prevalence at the level of world regions [80], countries [65] and ethnic groups within countries (Fig.…”

Section: Network Connectivity Is a Parsimonious Explanation For The Amentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Since sexual network connectivity is a population-level property, ecological studies are also necessary to explore the possible explanations for variations in STI prevalence [50, 62]. Although not all studies have reached this conclusion, [63, 64] studies have generally found a positive association between STI prevalence and the prevalence of partner concurrency and/or numbers of partners per unit time [50, 52, 58, 65–67].…”

Section: Individual and Couple-level Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential sexual network connectivity offers a parsimonious explanation for population-level variations in the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis: a data-driven, model-supported hypothesis

2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vaginal microbiota types varies dramatically between different populations around the world. Understanding what underpins these differences is important, as high-diversity microbiotas associated with BV are implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes and enhanced susceptibility to and transmission of sexually transmitted infections.Main textWe hypothesize that these variations in the vaginal microbiota can, in part, be explained by variations in the connectivity of sexual networks. We argue: 1) Couple-level data suggest that BV-associated bacteria can be sexually transmitted and hence high sexual network connectivity would be expected to promote the spread of BV-associated bacteria. Epidemiological studies have found positive associations between indicators of network connectivity and the prevalence of BV; 2) The relationship between BV prevalence and STI incidence/prevalence can be parsimoniously explained by differential network connectivity; 3) Studies from other mammals are generally supportive of the association between network connectivity and high-diversity vaginal microbiota.ConclusionTo test this hypothesis, we propose a combination of empirical and simulation-based study designs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12905-018-0703-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Network Connectivity Is a Parsimonious Explanation For The Amentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Individual and Couple-level Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential sexual network connectivity offers a parsimonious explanation for population-level variations in the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis: a data-driven, model-supported hypothesis

2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Combinations of these attributes should result in higher network connectivity in some populations than in others ( 6 , 7 ). Studies have found a correlation between markers of network connectivity and the prevalence of various major STIs ( 7 ), including N. gonorrhoeae ( 8 , 9 ). STI prevalence can also be influenced by other risk factors that can affect the probability of transmission per contact (such as male circumcision, condom use, and presence of other STIs) or the duration of infectivity (such as STI early detection and treatment efficacy) ( 10 ).…”

Section: Sti Prevalence As a Function Of Network Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sexual Network Connectivity and Antimicrobial Drug Use on Antimicrobial Resistance inNeisseria gonorrhoeae

Kenyon¹,

Schwartz²

2018

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contemporary strategies to curtail the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae include screening for and treating asymptomatic infections in high-prevalence populations in whom antimicrobial drug–resistant infections have typically emerged. We argue that antimicrobial resistance in these groups is driven by a combination of dense sexual network connectivity and antimicrobial drug exposure (for example, through screen-and-treat strategies for asymptomatic N. gonorrhoeae infection). Sexual network connectivity sustains a high-equilibrium prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae and increases likelihood of reinfection, whereas antimicrobial drug exposure results in selection pressure for reinfecting N. gonorrhoeae strains to acquire antimicrobial resistance genes from commensal pharyngeal or rectal flora. We propose study designs to test this hypothesis.

show abstract

“…From 2010-2011, the STI incidence for South Africa was 3.9% [7]. Kenyon and colleagues reported prevalence of syphilis and male urethral discharge in South Africa at 8.3% and 13.8% respectively [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extent of the STI problem and the association with HIV transmission highlights the need to continue and strengthen prevention and control of STIs [4]. The effective treatment and control of STIs depends on screening to detect and treat STIs among the sexual partners of the STI infected patients, which is dependent on the patient-initiated PN practices using referral slips in the South African treatment protocol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intentions to use patient-initiated partner notification and acceptability of provider-initiated partner notification for Sexually Transmitted Infections – A cross-sectional survey among minibus taxi drivers in Gauteng Province, South Africa

Mokgatle

Madiba

2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

29Background: In South Africa, utilization of patient-initiated partner-notification (PN) using referral-slip in 30 the management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is limited and only a limited number of sexual 31 partners are ever notified. The study assessed the use of patient-initiated PN method using notification and 32 referral slips and measured the level of acceptability of provider-initiated PN using short-message-service 33 (SMS) to personal mobile phones of sexual partners. 34Methods: A quantitative survey using anonymous structured self-administered and researcher 35 assisted questionnaires was conducted among minibus taxi drivers in the nine major taxi ranks in 36Gauteng province, South Africa. 37 Results: The sample consisted of 722 minibus taxi drivers with a mean age of 37.2 years old, 284 (59.5%) 38 had multiple sexual partners, 368 (52.2%) did not use a condom during last sexual act, 286 (42.8%) 39 reported inconsistent use of condoms, and 459 (65%) tested for HIV in the past 12 months. Majority 40 (n=709, 98.2%) understood the importance of PN once diagnosed with STI, but would prefer delivering PN 41 referral slip (n=670, 93.2%) over telling a partner face to face if they themselves were diagnosed with STI. 42 Acceptability of provider-initiated PN using SMS was 452 (62.7%) and associated with history of HIV 43 testing in the past year (OR=1.72, p=0.002, CI: 1.21-2.45). The perceived use of PN referral-slip from 44 sexual partner to seek treatment was 91.8% (n=659). About a third (n=234, 32.5%) were not in favor of 45 provider-initiated PN by SMS and preferred telling partners face to face. 46 Conclusion: There were contrasting findings on the acceptability and utilization of existing patient-initiated 47 PN and the proposed PN using SMS from health providers. The preference of delivering PN referral slip to 48 sexual partner over face-to-face PN renders communicating about STIs the responsibility of health 49 providers. Therefore, they have an opportunity to provide patients with options to choose a PN method that 50 is best suited to their relationships and circumstances and modify PN messages to encourage partners to use 51 the different PN to prevent STIs. 3 52 53 Keywords: partner notification, sexually transmitted infections, patient initiated, STI prevention 54 and control, taxi industry, key populations, risky sexual behavior, short-message-service. 55 4 56 Introduction 57 South Africa's burden of disease due to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is currently one of 58 the largest in the world and this is true for all STIs, including HIV and human papilloma virus [1]. 59 The significantly high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Sub-Saharan Africa 60 poses a threat because of the increased risk of HIV transmission [2]. In the African region, among 61 the population group of 15 -49 year of age, STI prevalence and incidence for four curable STIs 62 (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and trichomonas) was 19.4% and 24.1% [3-5]. The prevalence of 63 syphilis amo...

show abstract

Strong associations between national prevalence of various STIs suggests sexual network connectivity is a common underpinning risk factor

Cited by 16 publications

References 51 publications

Differential sexual network connectivity offers a parsimonious explanation for population-level variations in the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis: a data-driven, model-supported hypothesis

Differential sexual network connectivity offers a parsimonious explanation for population-level variations in the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis: a data-driven, model-supported hypothesis

Effects of Sexual Network Connectivity and Antimicrobial Drug Use on Antimicrobial Resistance inNeisseria gonorrhoeae

Intentions to use patient-initiated partner notification and acceptability of provider-initiated partner notification for Sexually Transmitted Infections – A cross-sectional survey among minibus taxi drivers in Gauteng Province, South Africa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About