Strong breeding colony fidelity in northern gannets following high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) outbreak

Grémillet, David; Ponchon, Aurore; Provost, Pascal; Gamble, Amandine; Abed-Zahar, Mouna; Bernard, Alice; Courbin, Nicolas; Delavaud, Grégoire; Deniau, Armel; Fort, Jérôme; Hamer, Keith C.; Jeavons, Ruth; Lane, Jude V.; Langley, Liam; Matthiopoulos, Jason; Poupart, Timothée; Prudor, Aurélien; Stephens, Nia; Trevail, Alice; Wanless, Sarah; Votier, Stephen C.; Jeglinski, Jana W.E.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110269

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Local ecology of species could also influence the scale of impact throughout Antarctica. Although all species remain vulnerable to large scale infection events, it is possible that the density of animals may preclude some species from succumbing to viral spread 65 . For example, wandering albatross nest at low density (approximately 0.0022 nests per m 2 ) 66 , which could limit spread between breeding individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region

Bennison,

Byrne,

Reid

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The Antarctic is the only major geographical region in which high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) has never previously been detected. The current panzootic of H5N1 HPAIV has decimated wild bird populations across Europe, North America and South America. Here we report on the emergence of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions of South Georgia and the Falkland Islands respectively. We initially detected H5N1 HPAIV in samples collected from brown skuas at Bird Island, South Georgia on 8thOctober 2023. Since this detection, increased mortalities were observed in brown skuas, kelp gulls, elephant seals and fur seal at multiple sites across South Georgia. We confirmed H5N1 HPAIV in multiple brown skuas and kelp gulls across four different sampling locations in South Georgia. Simultaneously, we also confirmed H5N1 HPAIV in a southern fulmar in the Falkland Islands. Genetic assessment of the virus indicates spread from South America, likely through movement of migratory birds. Here we describe the emergence, species impact and genetic composition of the virus and propose both introductory routes and potential long-term impact on avian and mammalian species across the Antarctic region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region

Bennison,

Byrne,

Reid

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…1 c), but foraging distances and trip durations were shorter than these of breeding birds tracked in a previous year (see also Fig. 1 c,e), possibly in response to the reduced density of competing conspecifics 33 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…To provide insights into the behaviour of gannets following the HPAIV outbreak, we also captured 10 breeding adults with 2–8 weeks old chicks between the 11th and 14th August 2022, about 2.5 months after the start of the HPAIV outbreak on the Bass Rock. A detailed analysis of the August dataset is described in 33 .…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPAIV outbreak triggers short-term colony connectivity in a seabird metapopulation

Jeglinski,

Lane,

Votier

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Disease outbreaks can drastically disturb the environment of surviving animals, but the behavioural, ecological, and epidemiological consequences of disease-driven disturbance are poorly understood. Here, we show that an outbreak of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus (HPAIV) coincided with unprecedented short-term behavioural changes in Northern gannets (Morus bassanus). Breeding gannets show characteristically strong fidelity to their nest sites and foraging areas (2015–2019; n = 120), but during the 2022 HPAIV outbreak, GPS-tagged gannets instigated long-distance movements beyond well-documented previous ranges and the first ever recorded visits of GPS-tagged adults to other gannet breeding colonies. Our findings suggest that the HPAIV outbreak triggered changes in space use patterns of exposed individuals that amplified the epidemiological connectivity among colonies and may generate super-spreader events that accelerate disease transmission across the metapopulation. Such self-propagating transmission from and towards high density animal aggregations may explain the unexpectedly rapid pan-European spread of HPAIV in the gannet.

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“…Detections in wild birds have brought to light viral circulations in species that were not or only slightly affected until now. This was the case in Europe in populations of Scolopacidae (season 2020-2021), Sulidae (season 2021-2022) and Laridae (seasons 2021-2022 and 2022-2023), as well as locally in France and Spain in Eurasian Griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) [5,[18][19][20][21](see Figure 4). A new spectrum of heavily affected species has now been observed.…”

Section: Very High Viral Circulation In Wild Birds In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

New Patterns for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and Adjustment of Prevention, Control and Surveillance Strategies: The Example of France

Scoizec,

Niqueux,

Schmitz

et al. 2024

Viruses

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From 2020 up to summer 2023, there was a substantial change in the situation concerning the high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus in Europe. This change concerned mainly virus circulation within wildlife, both in wild birds and wild mammals. It involved the seasonality of HPAI detections, the species affected, excess mortality events, and the apparent increased level of contamination in wild birds. The knock-on effect concerned new impacts and challenges for the poultry sector, which is affected by repeated annual waves of HPAI arriving with wild migratory birds and by risks due to viral circulation within resident wild birds across the year. Indeed, exceeding expectations, new poultry sectors and production areas have been affected during the recent HPAI seasons in France. The HPAI virus strains involved also generate considerable concern about human health because of enhanced risks of species barrier crossing. In this article, we present these changes in detail, along with the required adjustment of prevention, control, and surveillance strategies, focusing specifically on the situation in France.

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Strong breeding colony fidelity in northern gannets following high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) outbreak

Cited by 7 publications

References 63 publications

Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region

Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region

HPAIV outbreak triggers short-term colony connectivity in a seabird metapopulation

New Patterns for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and Adjustment of Prevention, Control and Surveillance Strategies: The Example of France

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