Strong Effect of Process Parameters on the Properties of Boron-Containing Phenolic Resins with High Char Yield

Sun, Yuzhou; Sun, Yun

doi:10.3390/app10041408

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, some of the properties of phenolic resin still need to be further improved to meet the growing performance requirements of aerospace thermal protection materials [3][4][5]. The adverse characteristics that need to be ameliorated include a moderate thermal oxidation stability, inherent brittleness and residual char yield [6,7]. For example, the residual char yield of phenolic resin is mainly over 65% after being pyrolyzed under atmosphere without oxygen at 800 • C. However, the residual char yield of phenolic resin is only about 7% after being pyrolyzed under air at the same temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Thermal Degradation Study of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Modified Phenolic Resin

et al. 2021

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In this paper, a new polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing a phenol group (POSS-Phenol) is prepared through the Michael addition reaction, which is added to the synthesis of phenolic resin as a functional monomer. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is used to demonstrate the chemistry structure of the synthesized POSS modified phenolic resin. After introducing POSS into the resole, a comprehensive study is conducted to reveal the effects of POSS on the thermal degradation of phenolic resin. First, thermal degradation behaviors of neat phenolic resin and modified phenolic resin are carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, the gas volatiles from thermal degradation are investigated by thermogravimetric mass spectrometry (TG-MS). Finally, the residues after thermal degradation are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The research indicates that POSS modified phenolic resin shows a better thermal stability than neat phenolic resin, especially at high temperatures under air atmosphere. On the one hand, the introduction of the POSS group can effectively improve the release temperature of oxygen containing volatiles. On the other hand, the POSS group forms silica at high temperatures under air, which can effectively inhibit the thermal oxidation of phenolic resin and make phenolic resin show a better high-temperature oxidation resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Thermal Degradation Study of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Modified Phenolic Resin

et al. 2021

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“…[24][25][26][27][28] Boron-modified phenolic resins have been widely studied and reported. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Sun and Sun 38 investigated the optimization of the critical process parameters for the preparation of boron-containing phenolic resin (B containing PR). The highest char yield of B-containing PR was as high as 71% under optimal conditions (molar ratios of formaldehyde/phenol and potassium borate/phenol were 1.8 and 0.2, respectively, and reaction time was 13 h).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the thermal and mechanical properties of phenolic fiber over boron modified high-ortho phenolic resin

Ren

Lin

Shi

et al. 2020

High Performance Polymers

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Boron-modified high-ortho phenolic resins (BPRs) were prepared under normal pressure by using phenol and formaldehyde as raw materials, zinc acetate, and oxalic acid as catalysts, and boric acid as a modifier. Boron-modified phenolic fibers (BPFs) were prepared by melt spinning and curing in a mixture of formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid, followed by a heat treatment under high temperature. The structure, ortho–para ratio (O/P), molecular weight and distribution, spinnability, thermal stability, fiber strength, and morphology of the resins were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fiber strength testing. The results showed that the addition of boric acid reduced the ortho reaction of the synthetic resin and the O/P value of phenolic resin. When the content of boric acid was 3 wt%, the thermal stability was the best, the O/P value was up to 3.26, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 18745 g/mol. In Compared with the unmodified resin, the mass loss was increased by 33.7%, and finally the carbon yield was 51.2%. The tensile strength of the fibers reached 187.2 MPa and the elongation at break was 10.5%. By introducing boron into the molecular chain, the structure of the resin was improved, and the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the fibers were improved.

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Temperature dependence of the microwave absorption performance of carbonyl iron powder/boron-modified phenolic resin composite coating

et al. 2022

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Strong Effect of Process Parameters on the Properties of Boron-Containing Phenolic Resins with High Char Yield

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Synthesis and Thermal Degradation Study of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Modified Phenolic Resin

Synthesis and Thermal Degradation Study of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Modified Phenolic Resin

Improving the thermal and mechanical properties of phenolic fiber over boron modified high-ortho phenolic resin

Temperature dependence of the microwave absorption performance of carbonyl iron powder/boron-modified phenolic resin composite coating

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