Strong southward transport events due to typhoons in the Taiwan Strait

Zhang, Wenzhou; Hong, Huasheng; Shang, Songhao; Yan, Xiao‐Hai; Chai, Fei

doi:10.1029/2009jc005372

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Strong southward currents under typhoons were observed in the Taiwan Strait (Zhang et al 2009). Even without typhoons, occasional strong northeasterly winds in winter can reverse the Taiwan Strait transport (Ko et al 2003).…”

Section: Taiwan Strait Current Chokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Ko¹,

Chao²,

Wu³

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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We used satellite data, typhoon-resolving atmospheric forcing and a data assimilating ocean model, the East Asian Seas Nowcast/Forecast System (EASNFS), to investigate circulation and three upwelling regions perturbed by tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) in the seas around Taiwan. The three upwelling areas located off northeast Taiwan, off southeast China and over the Penghu Channel off southwest Taiwan are normally limited in expanse before Fanapi. The tidal currents enhance all three. To cope with typhoon strength atmospheric forcing, we applied typhoon-resolving Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model wind fields that significantly enhanced Fanapi-induced upwelling. Approaching Taiwan, Fanapi induces a cold wake spreading preferably on the right side of the essentially westward running track in the western Pacific. The three upwelling areas in the East China Sea and Taiwan Strait subsequently become expansive as Fanapi approaches and enters the Taiwan Strait. The mechanisms leading to normal or Fanapi-perturbed upwelling and circulation in seas around Taiwan, especially the latter two mentioned above, are suggested. In essence, Fanapi disrupts circulation in the Taiwan Strait, and also the Taiwan Strait outflow entering the East China Sea, leading to expanded upwelling areas. We also suggest that high-resolution wind and tides application is essential for the upwelling modeling study and also the general circulation in the region with and without typhoons.

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Section: Taiwan Strait Current Chokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Ko¹,

Chao²,

Wu³

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…An additional wind field due to the motion of the cyclone [Jelesnianski, 1965] is added to the above static cyclone model. This tropical cyclone model is used in Zhang et al [2009].…”

Section: Tropical Cyclone Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No water is allowed to flow through the coastal boundaries by making the normal component of current vanish. On the open boundaries, a radiation condition is used as follows [Zhang et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2009]:…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tide‐surge Interaction Intensified by the Taiwan Strait

et al. 2010

Self Cite

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[1] The Taiwan Strait is a long and wide shelf-channel where the hydrodynamics is extremely complex, being characterized by strong tides, and where storm surges frequently occur during the typhoon season. Obvious oscillations due to tide-surge interaction were observed by tide gauges along the northern Fujian coast, the west bank of the Taiwan Strait, during Typhoon Dan (1999). Numerical experiments indicate that nonlinear bottom friction (described by the quadratic formula) is a major factor to predict these oscillations while the nonlinear advective terms and the shallow water effect have little contribution. It is found that the tide-surge interaction in the northern portion of the Taiwan Strait is intensified by the strait. Simulations based on simplified topographies with and without the island of Taiwan show that, in the presence of the island, the channel effect strengthens tidal currents and tends to align the major axes of tidal ellipses along the channel direction. Storm-induced currents are also strengthened by the channel. The pattern of strong tidal currents and storminduced currents along the channel direction enhances tide-surge interaction via the nonlinear bottom friction, resulting in the obvious oscillations along the northern Fujian coast.

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“…In addition to the monsoon wind changes effect (e.g., Wyrtki 1961;Nitani 1972;Wang and Chern 1987a, b), Kuroshio intrusion (e.g., Shaw 1991Shaw , 1994, and mesoscale eddies (e.g., Li et al 1988;Gawarkiewicz et al 2004), the river runoff from the Taiwan Strait induced by typhoons plays a crucial role in driving shelf currents (Zhang et al 2009;Chang et al 2010). For example, Zhang et al (2009) observed a strong southward transport in the Taiwan Strait driven by typhoon-generated local wind stress and the along-strait sea level gradient. Because the southward flow entered the shelf region, currents were presumably affected concurrently.…”

Section: Water Runoff Effect From the Taiwan Strait Induced By Typhoonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon may be attributable to the strong runoff from Taiwan Strait because of the passage of a Category-5 typhoon, Talim, during this period. For example, Zhang et al (2009) numerically studied the evolution of the depth-averaged current when Typhoon Talim crossed the Taiwan Strait. The current from the Taiwan Strait initially flowed southwestward and then shifted toward the southeast when the flow was far from the strait (Fig.…”

Section: Water Runoff Effect From the Taiwan Strait Induced By Typhoonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtidal current structure and variability of the continental shelf and slope of the northern South China Sea

Tai¹,

Yang²,

Gawarkiewicz³

2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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The spatial structures and temporal variations in subtidal currents in the northern South China Sea (SCS) are quantified in this study using 20-day to 9-month measurements from eight acoustic Doppler current profiler moorings deployed on the shelf and slope. The moored observations demonstrated that subtidal currents varied considerably with no persistent current feature on the shelf or slope. In winter, transient northeastward subtidal flows appeared sporadically but only when the wind stress was lower than 1 dyne cm -2 . The potential transient along-shelf flow formation mechanisms during winter are attributed to the variation in cross-shelf and alongshelf sea levels. The variation in cross-shelf sea level is due to Ekman transports varying over a period of 100 h. The variation in cross-shelf sea level gradient induced by the wind generates an along-shelf geostrophic current. When the sea level gradient anomaly is negative (i.e., sea level anomaly increased seaward), a transient shelf current appears, whereas the opposite phenomenon occurs as the sea level anomaly decreases seaward. The variation in the along-shelf sea level is due to the along-shelf sea level setup or set down as a result of shelf water accumulation or reduction near Hainan Island over a period of approximately 400 h. Other possible factors affecting subtidal currents include fresh water inputs from the Taiwan Strait, typhoons and eddies in the northern SCS.

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Strong southward transport events due to typhoons in the Taiwan Strait

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Tide‐surge Interaction Intensified by the Taiwan Strait

Subtidal current structure and variability of the continental shelf and slope of the northern South China Sea

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