Strong Terahertz Absorption of Monolayer Graphene Embedded into a Microcavity

Guo, Xuguang; Xue, Lejie; Yang, Zhenxing; Xu, Mengjian; Zhu, Yiming; Shao, Dixiang; Fu, Zhanglong; Tan, Zhongxin; Wang, Chang; Cao, Juncheng; Zhang, Chao

doi:10.3390/nano11020421

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…However, the low absorption of monolayer graphene severely limits its practical applications in the visible to MIR detection range. In recent years, much effort has been devoted to improving the optical absorption of graphene, and great success has been achieved, including the integration of graphene with microcavity [10], waveguide [11], and plasmon resonator [12,13]. Among these diverse approaches, the graphene surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) effect shows a unique nature to enhance the light-matter interactions by using a patterned gating structure with a static electric field bias on the graphene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable mid-infrared photodetector based on graphene plasmons controlled by ferroelectric polarization for micro-spectrometer

Wang,

Guo,

Lin

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

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Surface plasmonic detectors have the potential to be key components of miniaturized chip-scale spectrometers. Graphene plasmons, which are highly confined and gate-tunable, are suitable for in situ light detection. However, the tuning of graphene plasmonic photodetectors typically relies on the complex and high operating voltage based on traditional dielectric gating technique, which hinders the goal of miniaturized and low-power consumption spectrometers. In this work, we report a tunable mid-infrared (MIR) photodetector by integrating of patterned graphene with non-volatile ferroelectric polarization. The polarized ferroelectric thin film provides an ultra-high surface electric field, allowing the Fermi energy of the graphene to be manipulated to the desired level, thereby exciting the surface plasmon polaritons effect, which is highly dependent on the free carrier density of the material. By exciting intrinsic graphene plasmons, the light transmittance of graphene is greatly enhanced, which improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device. Additionally, the electric field on the surface of graphene enhanced by the graphene plasmons accelerates the carrier transfer efficiency. Therefore, the responsivity of the device is greatly improved. Our simulations show that the detectors have a tunable resonant spectral response of 9–14 μm by reconstructing the ferroelectric domain and exhibit a high responsivity to 5.67 × 105 A W−1 at room temperature. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the conceptual design of photodetector could be used for MIR micro-spectrometer application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable mid-infrared photodetector based on graphene plasmons controlled by ferroelectric polarization for micro-spectrometer

Wang,

Guo,

Lin

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

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Investigation of strontium titanate spherical shell supported terahertz all-dielectric metamaterials

et al. 2021

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Based on the strontium titanate ( S r T i O 3 , STO) spherical shell all-dielectric metamaterials (ADMs) structure, the tunable propagation characteristics have been systematically studied, taking into account the effects of structural geometrical parameter, temperature, and graphene Fermi level. The results indicate that STO-based ADMs exhibit excellent thermally and electrically tunable performances, e.g., when the temperature rises from 77 to 400 K, the modulation depths (MDs) of resonant frequency and amplitude of the reflection dip reach 62% and 93%, and the absorption is tunable in the range of 0.7995–0.9017. Additionally, when the Fermi level of graphene changes from 0.1 to 1.0 eV, the amplitude MD of the reflection dip reaches 99.89%, and the absorption of the STO-based ADM increases from 0.8352 to 0.9953. These results provide a guide for understanding the resonant mechanism of STO-based ADMs and designing multifunctional terahertz devices.

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Terahertz hybrid optical-plasmonic modes: tunable resonant frequency, narrow linewidth, and strong local field enhancement

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Opt. Express

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Hybrid optical-plasmonic modes have the characteristics of low loss and small mode volume, which will result in the strong localization and enhancement of electromagnetic field. Such advantages of hybrid optical-plasmonic mode are important for the enhancement of light-matter interactions. Here, terahertz (THz) hybrid modes of Fabry-Perot resonances (FPRs) and spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) in the modified Otto scheme are investigated both in theoretical and experimental aspects. The device structure is composed of a metal grating silicon waveguide (MGSW) and a metal slit grating (MSG). The two components are vertically stacked with a variable air gap between them. The THz hybrid modes are originated from the far-field coupling of the FPRs and the SSPP supported by the air gap and the MSG, respectively. By changing the thickness of the air gap, the resonant frequency of the FPR-SSPP modes can be tuned in a frequency range of about 0.1 THz. An anti-crossing behavior between two reflection dips corresponding to the guided-mode resonance in the MGSW and the FPR-SSPP mode is observed, which leads to the narrowing of the reflection dips in the anti-crossing region. Numerical simulations show that at the resonant frequencies of FPR-SSPP mode, there is a huge volume-averaged electromagnetic energy enhancement of about 1600 times in the grooves of the MSG, which is around 8.7 times larger than that induced by the SSPP directly launched by free-space electromagnetic field. The hybrid FPR-SSPP modes can be used to construct THz sensors and detectors with high sensitivity.

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Strong Terahertz Absorption of Monolayer Graphene Embedded into a Microcavity

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Tunable mid-infrared photodetector based on graphene plasmons controlled by ferroelectric polarization for micro-spectrometer

Tunable mid-infrared photodetector based on graphene plasmons controlled by ferroelectric polarization for micro-spectrometer

Investigation of strontium titanate spherical shell supported terahertz all-dielectric metamaterials

Terahertz hybrid optical-plasmonic modes: tunable resonant frequency, narrow linewidth, and strong local field enhancement

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