Strong time-dependence for strengthening a lithium disilicate parent glass and the corresponding glass-ceramic by Li+/Na+ exchange

Li, X.C.; Meng, Ming; Li, Dong; Wei, Ran; Lin, He; Zhang, S.F.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103394

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, silica, as an acidic oxide, can react with alkali to break the Si–O bonds. , Based on this, we utilized OH – to bind and break Si–O bonds in the glass network by introducing OH – into the ion-exchange process, releasing lithium ions confined in the Si–O network and exerting its biological regulation ability. In addition, ion-exchange also applied residual stress to the glass-ceramic surface to improve its mechanical properties, − thus simultaneously endowing lithium disilicate glass-ceramics with both high mechanical and “gingival soft tissue integrative” properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Gingival Soft Tissue Integrative” Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramics with High Mechanical Properties and Sustained-Release Lithium Ions

Shan

Xie

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Due to their good mechanical performances and high biocompatibility, all-ceramic materials are widely applied in clinics, especially in orthopedic and dental areas. However, the "hard" property negatively affects its integration with "soft" tissue, which greatly limits its application in soft tissue-related areas. For example, dental implant all-ceramic abutments should be well integrated with the surrounding gingival soft tissue to prevent the invasion of bacteria. Mimicking the gingival soft tissue and dentine integration progress, we applied the modified ion-exchange technology to "activate" the biological capacity of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, via introducing OH − to weaken the stability of Si− O bonds and release lithium ions to promote multi-reparative functions of gingival fibroblasts. The underlying mechanism was found to be closely related to the activation of mitochondrial activity and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, during the ion-exchange process, the larger radius sodium ions (Na + ) replaced the smaller radius lithium ions (Li + ), so that the residual compressive stress was applied to the glass-ceramics surface to counteract the tensile stress, thus improving the mechanical properties. This successful case in simultaneous improvement of mechanical properties and biological activities proves the feasibility of developing "soft tissue integrative" all-ceramic materials with high mechanical properties. It proposes a new strategy to develop advanced bioactive and high strength all-ceramic materials by modified ion-exchange, which can pave the way for the extended applications of such all-ceramic materials in soft tissue-related areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Gingival Soft Tissue Integrative” Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramics with High Mechanical Properties and Sustained-Release Lithium Ions

Shan

Xie

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Ion exchange, as an effective method to improve flexural strength of materials by using a larger radius ion (i.e., K + ) in molten salt to exchange a smaller radius ion (i.e., Na + ) on the surface of the material to produce a "stuffing effect," has been developed very maturely for the reinforcement of glass, dental ceramics, and glass ceramics. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The flexural strength of tempered glass enhanced by ion exchange is significantly higher than that of glass without ion exchange, [9][10][11] and the strength of dental ceramics after ion exchange is higher than that of glazed and polished ones. [12][13][14][15] In the ion exchange process, the mechanical properties of the materials are affected by their components, treatment temperature, time, and the composition of molten salt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface strengthening of building tiles by ion exchange with adding molten salt of KOH

et al. 2022

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The surface strengthening by ion exchange technology was used to improve the strength of thin building tiles. The effects of exchange time, exchange temperature, and content of KOH additive on strengthening of building tiles were investigated by analyzing the flexural strength and distribution of K+ in the samples. The results showed that the addition of .3 mol% KOH to the molten salt of industrial KNO3 at 450°C for 5 h resulted in a maximum flexural strength of 86.53 MPa, which was 50.3% higher than that of the sample without ion exchange and 8.9% higher than without KOH addition. After ion exchange, the concentration of K+ ion in cross‐section of the sample decreased with increasing distance from the sample surface, and the diffusion coefficient changed with the change of the content of KOH additive in the molten salt, increasing the diffusion coefficient of K+ ion from .93 × 10−15 to 1.8 × 10–15 m2/s by adding .3 mol% KOH.

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“…The flexural strength of nepheline glass ceramics was dramatically increased from 58 to 1300 MPa by exchanging Na + ions in nepheline crystals for K + ions [12,13]. Also, stuffed β-quartz glass ceramics [14], dental glass ceramics such as lithium disilicate glass ceramics [15][16][17][18] and Li 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (LAS) glass ceramics [19], leucite-reinforced dental glass [20], and dental porcelain [21][22][23] have been strengthened by the ion-exchange.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical strengthening of zirconia/swelling mica composites by ion-exchange in molten salts

Takita

Yamakami

Yamaguchi

et al. 2021

Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies

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In this study, strengthening of machinable zirconia/mica composites was attempted by exchanging interlayer ions of mica in composites for larger ions, like chemically strengthened glasses. So the sintering behavior and ion-exchange of the composites fabricated using swelling mica and the mechanical properties of the ion-exchanged composites were investigated. The dense composite was obtained by sintering at 1200°C for 1 min and was ion-exchanged in molten potassium salts at 800°C. Na + ions in the interlayer of mica near surface of the composites were exchanged for K + ions. However, K + ions were not inserted in the interlayer of mica. Mica reacted with molten salts to form an amorphous phase near surface of the composites. Simultaneously with the reaction, Na + ions in mica were discharged into molten salts and K + ions in molten salts were penetrated into the amorphous phase. Then other crystalline phases were formed in the amorphous phase. By the ion-exchange, the cracks developed from Vickers indentation corners were obviously shortened, which is one of the evidence that the compressive stress was generated near surface. By the compressive stress, the fracture toughness (3.5 MPa・m 0.5 ) and the bending strength (322 MPa) of the composites were increased to 5.6 MPa・m 0.5 and 447 MPa, respectively.

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Strong time-dependence for strengthening a lithium disilicate parent glass and the corresponding glass-ceramic by Li+/Na+ exchange

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

“Gingival Soft Tissue Integrative” Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramics with High Mechanical Properties and Sustained-Release Lithium Ions

“Gingival Soft Tissue Integrative” Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramics with High Mechanical Properties and Sustained-Release Lithium Ions

Surface strengthening of building tiles by ion exchange with adding molten salt of KOH

Chemical strengthening of zirconia/swelling mica composites by ion-exchange in molten salts

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