Strongly intensive measures for multiplicity fluctuations

Begun, Viktor; Konchakovski, V. P.; Gorenstein, M. I.; Bratkovskaya, Elena

doi:10.1088/0954-3899/40/4/045109

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…and the fluctuations of the participants are negative in (21), similar to that at the SPS (18). The acceptance q 15% in Pb+Pb at ALICE.…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

“…Therefore, the 'Maximal' fluctuations from one source, ω Acc 1 , also grow, while the fluctuations of participants must decrease fast, because the total fluctuations decrease, see Eq. (21). The 'Maximal' fluctuations from one source are above the experimental measurements for large N P , therefore, the fluctuations of participants, ω P , become negative, which is forbidden by the definition of ω.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The participant fluctuations are rather large in a standard centrality interval. A finer centrality selection [19] or(and) special variables should be used to cancel the fluctuations of participants [20][21][22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these two cases we know all the terms in Eq. ( 21), except for ω P , which is calculated from (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Participant number fluctuations for higher moments of a multiplicity distribution

Begun

2016

Preprint

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The independent participant model is generalized for skewness and kurtosis. The obtained relations allow to calculate the fluctuations of an arbitrarily high order. From the comparison with the SPS and the LHC data it is found that the participants are not nucleons. The contribution of the participant fluctuations increases with the order of fluctuations. The 5% centrality bins selected for the analysis at the LHC by ALICE seems to be too large. The fluctuations measures are dominated by the fluctuations of participants there. The method to quantify the value of participant number fluctuations experimentally is proposed.

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“…and the fluctuations of the participants are negative in (21), similar to that at the SPS (18). The acceptance q 15% in Pb+Pb at ALICE.…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Participant number fluctuations for higher moments of a multiplicity distribution

Begun

2016

Preprint

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“…It is large for the scaled variance [92,93], and strongly increases with the order of fluctuations measure [94]. Therefore, before making any conclusion out of the high order fluctuations data, one should prove that participant number fluctuations are under control.…”

Section: Resonance Decay Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuations as a test of chemical nonequilibrium at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Begun

2016

Phys. Rev. C

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It is shown that large chemical potential leads to the significant increase of multiplicity fluctuations for bosons, and makes the fluctuations infinite in the case of Bose-Einstein condensation. It allows to distinguish between the models that explain the anomalous proton to pion ratio and the low transverse momentum enhancement of pion spectra in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC within chemical equilibrium or non-equilibrium models. The effects of resonance decays, finite size of the system, requirements to the event statistics, different momentum cuts, and limited detector acceptance are considered. The obtained results show the possibility to observe a substantial increase of the normalized kurtosis for positively or negatively charged pions in the case of non-equilibrium or partial pion condensation using currently measured data.

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Energy and transverse momentum fluctuations in the equilibrium quantum systems

Gorenstein¹,

Rybczyński²

2014

Physics Letters B

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The fluctuations in the ideal quantum gases are studied using the strongly intensive measures ∆[A, B] and Σ[A, B] defined in terms of two extensive quantities A and B. In the present paper, these extensive quantities are taken as the motional variable, A = X, the system energy E or transverse momentum P T , and number of particles, B = N . This choice is most often considered in studying the event-by-event fluctuations and correlations in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. The recently proposed special normalization ensures that ∆ and Σ are dimensionless and equal to unity for fluctuations given by the independent particle model. In statistical mechanics, the grand canonical ensemble formulation within the Boltzmann approximation gives an example of independent particle model.Our results demonstrate the effects due to the Bose and Fermi statistics. Estimates of the effects of quantum statistics in the hadron gas at temperatures and chemical potentials typical for thermal models of hadron production in high energy collisions are presented. In the case of massless particles and zero chemical potential the ∆ and Σ measures are calculated analytically.

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Strongly intensive measures for multiplicity fluctuations

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Participant number fluctuations for higher moments of a multiplicity distribution

Participant number fluctuations for higher moments of a multiplicity distribution

Fluctuations as a test of chemical nonequilibrium at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Energy and transverse momentum fluctuations in the equilibrium quantum systems

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