Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Low-Cobalt-Content LiNi_0.6+xCo_0.2–xMn_0.2O₂ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

The layered oxides LiNi0.6+x Co0.2–x Mn0.2O2 are promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their moderate energy densities and structure stabilities. In this study, we systematically investigate the effects of substitution of Co by Ni on the structures, morphologies, and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.6+x Co0.2–x Mn0.2O2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1). The physical characteristics of these materials are studied by particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy, Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction data, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties are investigated by charge–discharge cycling, galvanostatic intermittent titration, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. As the Co content decreases and the Ni content increases, the discharge capacity and voltage platform are slightly improved, while the initial efficiency, cycling performance, rate capability, and thermal stability gradually decrease. The decreased kinetic performance is attributed to the increased degree of cation mixing and resistance, which decreases the Li+ diffusivity. Moreover, the activation energy gradually increases with the decrease in the Co content, which decreases the low-temperature performance. Considering its cost, energy density, cycling lifetime, kinetic performance, and safety properties, LiNi0.65Co0.15Mn0.2O2 is a promising cathode candidate for use in LIBs.

Comparative life cycle assessment of high performance lithium-sulfur battery cathodes

“…As a consequence, great academia and industry efforts are being focused towards the design and fabrication of battery cathodes which effectively store lithium ions. The ability to store lithium using naturally abundant elemental sulfur cathodes is larger in comparison with traditional LIB cathodes, which mostly rely on the use of lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) ( Zhao et al., 2020 ), lithium manganese oxide (LiMn 2 O 4 ) ( Cusenza et al., 2019 ), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) ( Hänsel et al., 2019 ), or lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide (NMC) ( He et al., 2020 ), together with carbon black and a polymeric binder as cathode materials. As a result, lithium-sulfur (Li–S) batteries present a theoretical specific capacity of 1.672 mA hg −1 ( Song et al., 2013 ), making them attractive to displace LIBs.…”

Excellent electrochemical properties of Ni-rich LiNi0.88Co0.09Al0.03O2 cathode materials co-modified with Mg-doping and LiBO2-coating for lithium ion batteries

“…Besides, because of B 3+ (0.23 Å) has a very small ionic radius, the trance amounts of B 3+ might diffuse into the tetrahedral interstitial sites of the crystal architecture in the course of LiBO 2 coating which can also further expand the interplanar space. 38 Table 1 details the specific structural variables of the samples derived using the GSAS/EXPGUI. The increases in lattice variables a and c are consistent with the result of (003) peak shifting.…”

Electrospun Ternary Composite Metal Oxide Fibers as an Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Peaks (ix') and 11) can be assigned to Mn 4+ oxidation state, where the deconvoluted peak (ix) can be attributed to Mn 3+ oxidation state (Bulavchenko et al, 2018). The reduction of Mn 4+ to Mn 3+ could be the stabilizing act to neutralize charge changes when both Ni 2+ and Co 2+ were oxidized to Ni 3+ and Co 3+ (He et al, 2020;Wangda Li et al, 2020). The O 1s core level can be deconvoluted into two individual peaks, with peaks at 530.0 and 529.0 eV, corresponded to M-O-M and M-O-H bonding, respectively.…”