Structural and functional abnormalities of penile cavernous endothelial cells result in erectile dysfunction at experimental autoimmune prostatitis rat

Abstract

Background There is growing recognition of the association of CP/CPPS accompany with ED. However, the specific mechanism of action remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate structural and functional abnormalities of cavernous endothelial cells in EAP rat, which may result in the ED. Methods we use rat prostate protein extract supplemented with immunoadjuvant to induce EAP rat, ICP and MAP were measured and inflammatory factor infiltration, Akt, eNOS, AR, nNOS and iNOS in the corpus cavernosum were tested. Subsequently, the normal rat and EAP rat cavernosum endothelial cells were purified by MACS, and the metabolism, oxidative stress, MMP, Akt, eNOS, AR and iNOS were evaluated. Results The EAP rat model was successfully constructed. The ratio of max ICP/MAP in EAP rat was significantly lower and TNF-α infiltration in corpus cavernosum was significantly higher than normal rats. Besides, Akt, eNOS and AR were decreased, iNOS was significantly increased. The growth and metabolism of endothelial cells in the EAP rats corpus cavernosum decreased and inflammatory factor mRNA was increased and intracellular oxidative stress was also increased significantly. The MMP of EAP rats cavernosum endothelial cells decreased and the expression of Akt, eNOS and AR were also significantly decreased, iNOS was significantly increased. Conclusion The prostate suffer local inflammatory infiltrate and promotes cytokines infiltrated into corpus cavernosum caused the oxidative stress increases and the metabolism or MMP decreases. In addition, AR, Akt and eNOS expression and phosphorylation are also reduced, thereby inhibiting the diastolic function of the corpus cavernosum, resulting in decreased erectile function.

Upregulated expression of NMDA receptor in the paraventricular nucleus shortens ejaculation latency in rats with experimental autoimmune prostatitis

“…In this study, we used EAP rats as subjects to explore the mechanism on the high incidence of PE in patients with prostatitis. Previous studies have shown that EAP rat is a mature animal model mimicking human CP/CPPS 8‐11,23 . However, no studies have been conducted to observe and evaluate the ejaculatory behavior of the EAP model.…”

“…In this study, EAP model establishment followed the same procedure previously reported by other scholars 8,23 . The PPE concentration was quantified and adjusted to 20 mg/mL by spectrophotometry.…”

Corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cell dysfunction and phenotype transformation are related to erectile dysfunction in prostatitis rats with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome

“…The study was conducted in line with the "Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" published by the National Institutes of Health and approved by the Animal Science Committee of Tongji University. EAP rats was established as previously reported [11,12]. Ten rats were used for preparing autologous prostate tissue homogenate supernatant (PTHS).…”

“…Rats was sacrificed at 45th day after the first immunization. At 45th day after the first immunization, the max intracavernous pressure (ICP) and the ratio of max ICP to mean systemic arterial pressure (max ICP/ MAP) were determined to assess the erectile function as previously reported [11,12]. The erectile response was elicited by electrical stimulation on the cavernous nerve and quantified by calculating the max ICP/MAP.…”

“…In our previous study, a rat model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) was established and ED [11] and cavernous endothelial cells dysfunction [12] were observed in these EAP rats. This study investigated the intracellular calcium and phenotype transformation of CCSMCs in EAP rats, which may provide evidence on the pathogenesis of ED in EAP rats.…”