Structural and Material Determinants Influencing the Behavior of Porous Ti and Its Alloys Made by Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Biomedical Applications

Dziaduszewska, Magda; Zieliński, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/ma14040712

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 247 publications

(325 reference statements)

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“…Both the Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloys have a modulus of elasticity similar to that of human bone. Additional modifications of the surface of titanium alloys enable appropriate osseointegration [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress Measurements of Grade IV Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr Titanium Alloys after Laser Treatment

Jażdżewska

Kwidzińska

Seyda³

et al. 2021

Materials

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Nowadays, surface engineering focuses on research into materials for medical applications. Titanium and its alloys are prominent, especially Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr. Samples made of pure grade IV titanium and the titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr were modified via laser treatment with laser beam frequency f = 25 Hz and laser beam power P = 1000 W during a laser pulse with duration t = 1 ms. Subsequently, to analyze the properties of the obtained surface layers, the following tests were performed: scanning electron microscopy, chemical and phase composition analysis, wetting angle tests and roughness tests. The assessment of the impact of the laser modification on the internal stresses of the investigated materials was carried out by comparing the values of the stresses of the laser-modified samples to those of the reference samples. The obtained results showed increased values of tensile stresses after laser modification: the highest value was found for the Ti-6Al-4V alloy at 6.7434 GPa and the lowest for pure grade IV titanium at 3.742 GPa. After laser and heat treatment, a reduction in the stress was observed, together with a significant increase in the hardness of the tested materials, with the highest value for Ti-6Al-4V alloy at 27.723 GPa. This can provide better abrasion resistance and lower long-term toxicity, both of which are desirable when using Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloys for implant materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress Measurements of Grade IV Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr Titanium Alloys after Laser Treatment

Jażdżewska

Kwidzińska

Seyda³

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…The first coating may be then considered in such applications in which the coating opposes high stresses and must be resistant to wear or cracking. The second coating, which includes antibacterial metal, can be recommended for particular coatings that should actively kill bacteria in their neighborhood [56], but with no excessive loads during surgery and further use of the implant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior of Bi-Layer and Dispersion Coatings Composed of Several Nanostructures on Ti Substrate

et al. 2021

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Three coatings suitable for biomedical applications, including the dispersion coating composed of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), MWCNTs/TiO2 bi-layer coating, and MWCNTs-Cu dispersion coating, were fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on Ti Grade II substrate. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and nanoindentation were applied to study topography, chemical, and phase composition, roughness, hardness, Young’s modulus, plastic, and elastic behavior. The results showed that the best mechanical properties in terms of biomedical application were achieved for the MWCNTs coating with titania outer layer. Nevertheless, both the addition of nanocopper and titania improved the mechanical resistance of the base MWCNTs coating. Compared to our previous experiments on Ti13Nb13Zr alloy, a general tendency is observed to form more homogenous coatings on pure metal than on the alloy, in which chemical and phase compositions are more complex.

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“…Gupta et al (2021) studied the tensile behavior of EBMed Ti64 alloy and resulted that the tensile strength is highly affected by the strain rate and temperature whereas the existence of micro-cracks reduces the tensile strength and ductility. As the mechanical properties of bone depend on age, activity and disease status, therefore proper matching of elastic modulus constitutes a major challenge for tissue engineering (Dziaduszewska and Zieli nski, 2021). The desired mechanical properties in Pure Ti can be achieved by the addition of alloying with the help of alloying elements such as Nb, Zr, Sn and Ta.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the performance characteristics, applications, challenges and possible solutions in electron beam melted Ti-based orthopaedic and orthodontic implants

Ishfaq

Rehman

Khan

et al. 2021

RPJ

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Purpose Human aging is becoming a common issue these days as it results in orthopaedic-related issues such as joints disorderness, bone-fracture. People with age = 60 years suffer more from these aforesaid issues. It is expected that these issues in human beings will ultimately reach 2.1 billion by 2050 worldwide. Furthermore, the increase in traffic accidents in young people throughout the world has significantly emerged the need for artificial implants. Their implantation can act as a substitute for fractured bones or disordered joints. Therefore, this study aims to focus on electron beam melted titanium (Ti)-based orthopaedic implants along with their recent trends in the field. Design/methodology/approach The main contents of this work include the basic theme and background of the metal-based additive manufacturing, different implant materials specifically Ti alloys and their classification based on crystallographic transus temperature (including α, metastable β, β and α + β phases), details of electron beam melting (EBM) concerning its process physics, various control variables and performance characteristics of EBMed Ti alloys in orthopaedic and orthodontic implants, applications of EBMed Ti alloys in various load-bearing implants, different challenges associated with the EBMed Ti-based implants along with their possible solutions. Recent trends and shortfalls have also been described at the end. Findings EBM is getting significant attention in medical implants because of its minor issues as compared to conventional fabrication practices such as Ti casting and possesses a significant research potential to fabricate various medical implants. The elastic modulus and strength of EBMed ß Ti-alloys such as 24Nb-4Zr-8Sn and Ti-33Nb-4Sn are superior compared to conventional Ti for orthopaedic implants. Beta Ti alloys processed by EBM have near bone elastic modulus (approximately 35–50 GPa) along with improved tribo-mechanical performance involving mechanical strength, wear and corrosion resistance, along with biocompatibility for implants. Originality/value Advances in EBM have opened the gateway Ti alloys in the biomedical field explicitly ß-alloys because of their unique biocompatibility, bioactivity along with improved tribo-mechanical performance. Less significant work is available on the EBM of Ti alloys in orthopaedic and orthodontic implants. This study is directed solely on the EBM of medical Ti alloys in medical sectors to explore their different aspects for future research opportunities.

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Structural and Material Determinants Influencing the Behavior of Porous Ti and Its Alloys Made by Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 53 publications

References 247 publications

Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress Measurements of Grade IV Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr Titanium Alloys after Laser Treatment

Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress Measurements of Grade IV Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13Nb-13Zr Titanium Alloys after Laser Treatment

Mechanical Behavior of Bi-Layer and Dispersion Coatings Composed of Several Nanostructures on Ti Substrate

A review on the performance characteristics, applications, challenges and possible solutions in electron beam melted Ti-based orthopaedic and orthodontic implants

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