Structural architecture releasing deep-sourced carbon dioxide diffuse degassing at the Caviahue – Copahue Volcanic Complex

Lamberti, María Clara Isabel; Vigide, Nicolás C.; Venturi, Stefanía; Agusto, Mariano; Yagupsky, Daniel; Winocur, Diego; Barcelona, Hernán; Vélez, María Laura; Cardellini, Carlo; Tassi, Franco

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.02.004

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These fluids can easily migrate within local shallow pre-existing faults and a heterogeneous medium because of the presence of many faults within the Caviahue caldera. Hence, our interpretation of a hydrothermal origin of the seismicity of Group B is in agreement with what proposed Ibáñez et al (2008);Lazo et al (2015); Bonali et al (2016); Lundgren et al (2017);and Lamberti et al (2019). For example, Lamberti et al (2019) examined the link between faults, fractures, and diffuse degassing structures and suggested that the normal and strike-slip fault traces constitute the most favorable pathways for hydrothermal fluids and diffuse CO 2 .…”

Section: Origin Of the Seismicitysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Hence, our interpretation of a hydrothermal origin of the seismicity of Group B is in agreement with what proposed Ibáñez et al (2008);Lazo et al (2015); Bonali et al (2016); Lundgren et al (2017);and Lamberti et al (2019). For example, Lamberti et al (2019) examined the link between faults, fractures, and diffuse degassing structures and suggested that the normal and strike-slip fault traces constitute the most favorable pathways for hydrothermal fluids and diffuse CO 2 . The region of study of these authors is an area situated northeast of the Copahue volcano, which, according to gravity and electrical resistivity surveys, represents a high conductivity zone of hot fluids circulation (JICA report 1992).…”

Section: Origin Of the Seismicitysupporting

confidence: 89%

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Seismic evidence of the active regional tectonic faults and the Copahue volcano, at Caviahue Caldera, Argentina

et al. 2021

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Understanding interactions between tectonic faults and a nearby active volcano is often realized by combining seismic and field observations. A good example of such an interaction is the Caviahue caldera. It is located in an intra-arc extensional pull-apart basin, within a transition zone joining the northern part of the right-lateral strike-slip Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault System and the thrustfault Antiñir-Copahue fault zone. Most of the active volcanoes in South Chile are related to the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault System. Some faults located inside the Caviahue caldera were described with reverse mechanisms by some studies whereas they were found to be normal by others. In order to discriminate the actual focal mechanisms, two seismic clusters that occurred in 2017 and 2018 inside the Caviahue rectangular caldera, close to the active Copahue volcano, were studied. Earthquakes (520) were located; focal mechanisms (56) were determined from which an average seismic moment tensor was calculated. The locations and focal mechanisms of the earthquakes allow splitting the seismicity into two main regions, one of tectonic origin (with strike-slip faults) and another one of volcanic origin (with normal faults). The first seismic cluster is located close to Caviahue village, with strikeslip focal mechanisms, in an NNE direction as the nearby Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault strikes. The other part of the seismicity is located close to the northeastern structures of Copahue volcano, in the hydrothermal zone of Anfiteatro, Termas de Copahue, and Maquinitas. It is oriented in an NE direction and is composed of earthquakes with normal focal mechanisms, not reverse as postulated in past studies. The active Copahue volcano lies in the SW prolongation of these normal faults, in agreement with the tectonics of the Caviahue caldera. Then, the two nearby seismic clusters reveal both a tectonic origin, with strike-slip focal mechanisms compatible with the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault System, and a hydrothermal origin with normal focal mechanisms, compatible with the hydrothermal system of the Copahue active volcano.

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Section: Origin Of the Seismicitysupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Origin Of the Seismicitysupporting

confidence: 89%

Seismic evidence of the active regional tectonic faults and the Copahue volcano, at Caviahue Caldera, Argentina

et al. 2021

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“…Additionally, in order to recognize the CO 2 anomalous flux areas, potentially linked to diffuse degassing structures (DDS), we followed the criteria presented by Chiodini et al (2001) and Lamberti et al (2019). It is important to note that the areas with anomalous flows do not necessarily occur at the same place in every survey, so we identified areas where the anomalies are repeated over time.…”

Section: 2-analysis Of the Structural Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial variations of CO2 diffuse volcanic degassing on Cuicocha Caldera Lake – Ecuador

Sierra

Hidalgo

Almeida

et al. 2021

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…The AF and CC hydrothermal zones, located closer to the volcanic edifice, are spatially 516 associated with shallower sets of NE-SW-and NW-SE-oriented normal faults respectively 517 (Melnick et a., 2006;Lamberti et al, 2019;Barcelona et al, 2020). These shallower sets of faults 518 likely represent the escape route for the hydrothermal fluids exsolved from the shallow magmatic 519 reservoir (Lundgren et al, 2017), presenting a lower 3 He/ 4 He ratio.…”

Section: Fluid Circulation Model At Copahue 479mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main structures in the Caviahue caldera are NE-striking normal faults, resulting in a horst-and-495 graben setting, and NW-striking strike-slip faults, interpreted as accommodation zones between the 496 main extensional structures (Lamberti et al, 2019) and CB, lie on the same NW-SE normal fault (Figure 8), despite showing mantle-derived helium 508 isotopes and stable water isotopes of magmatic origin, present evidence of mixing with meteoric 509 water at the surface, perhaps due to local variation in the thickness of the groundwater aquifer, with 510 which the hydrothermal fluids interact during their ascent to the surface. Both LMM and CB 511 samples present the highest concentration of silica and the tritium activity indicates water residence nevertheless the water composition is affected by a significant meteoric water component, the water 514 circulation patterns are more complex and deeper than previously proposed.…”

Section: Fluid Circulation Model At Copahue 479mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural control on shallow hydrogeochemical processes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex (CCVC), Argentina

Tardani

Roulleau

Pinti

et al. 2021

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex (CCVC) hosts one of Argentina's most 25 important geothermal systems. To provide new insights into origin, circulation, and residence time 26 of fluids, the chemical and isotopic composition ( 3 He/ 4 He, δ 2 H-δ 18 O in H2O; δ 13 C-δ 18 O in CO2; 27 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) of thermal waters was measured together with the 3 H and 14 C activities. Water samples 28 were collected from hot springs (LM, TC, LMM, CB and AF) representing the five major thermal 29 zones of the CCVC and assumed to be steam-heated meteoric waters, and a well condensate (COP-30 2). The LMM, CB, and AF chemical composition and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios show that water chemistry is 31 acquired locally from exchange with volcanic rocks (Sr, SiO2, among others) and from steam (H2S). 32 Two surface geothermal manifestations (LM and TC), along with the well condensate, COP-2, 33 contain a higher contribution of deep-originating fluids, with 87 Sr/ 86 Sr indicating possible 34 contribution from deep-seated granitoids or sediments from the underlying basement. 35Radiocarbon-based residence times indicate ages ranging between 13,540 and 17,520 yrs BP, 36 representing the minimum age for the geothermal reservoir waters. Tritium is mainly absent in hot 37 spring waters except for LMM and CB where the activity is close to the detection limit. This 38 indicates a minimum age older than 70 yrs for the water circulating in the shallow circuit. This 39 result suggests that shallow meteoric water have a more complex and/or deeper circuit, resulting 40 in older residence times. Helium isotopes in the CCVC span a wide range, from a pure mantle-41 derived value, of 8.35Ra, to a more crustal radiogenic signature, of 4.6Ra. The spatial variation is 42 explained by associating the geochemical data with the geological context, which includes the 43 distribution of fault-fracture meshes and different sources of magmatic volatiles underlying the 44Copahue volcano. The first order control on helium isotope signatures observed in this study seems 45 to be dominated by the degree of crustal assimilation of the magmatic sources, which is in turn 46 controlled by the local arrays of faults.The Copahue stratovolcano, part of the Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex (CCVC), is 49 an active volcano that hosts a high-enthalpy geothermal system (JICA, 1992) that represents a 50 promising resource for geothermal energy in Argentina (Barcelona et al., 2020). The CCVC is 51 located in the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ, 33 -46 ° S) of the Andes, at the northern termination 52 of the intra-arc, strike-slip, Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault System (LOFS). Here, a trans-tensional-NE 53 transfer zone is developed, linking the LOFS and the Antiñir-Copahue Fault System (e.g. Sielfeld 54 et al, 2017).The geothermal area of interest lies to the north and northwest of the Copahue volcanic 56 edifice, with several surface emissions including fumaroles, bubbling pools, mud pools and thermal 57 springs, which are spatially associated with local extensional faults which act as fluid p...

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Structural architecture releasing deep-sourced carbon dioxide diffuse degassing at the Caviahue – Copahue Volcanic Complex

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Seismic evidence of the active regional tectonic faults and the Copahue volcano, at Caviahue Caldera, Argentina

Seismic evidence of the active regional tectonic faults and the Copahue volcano, at Caviahue Caldera, Argentina

Temporal and spatial variations of CO2 diffuse volcanic degassing on Cuicocha Caldera Lake – Ecuador

Structural control on shallow hydrogeochemical processes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex (CCVC), Argentina

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