Structural characterization of activated carbon adsorbents prepared from paper mill sludge

Littrell, Kenneth C.; Khalili, Nasrin R.; Campbell, Marta; Sandı́, Giselle; Thiyagarajan, P.

doi:10.1007/s003390201429

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…These and many more of its uses make it almost impossible to have a halt in its production. In addition, wastes generated through the paper usage are also transformed into other value-added products such as fiber-cement composites (Thaemngoen et al 2003), granular and sheet activated carbon (Littrell et al 2000;Uradei et al 2000;Khezami et al 2007;Masahiro et al 2004;Malikov et al 2007;Yorgun et al 2009), and activated carbon monoliths (Kercher and Nagle 2003;Nakagawa et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Paperboard Briquette Using Waste Paper and Sawdust

Odusote

Onowuma²,

Fodeke

2016

Jou. Eng. Res.

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Nigeria has abundant supplies of biomass resources and agro-forestry residues (waste), including sawdust, whose potentials are yet to be fully utilized for economic advantage. This study was undertaken to investigate the properties of paperboard briquettes produced from a mixture of shredded waste paper (pulp) and sawdust using starch as binder. The paperboard briquettes were produced manually by compressing soaked mixtures of pulp and sawdust in a wooden mould (28 cm x 28 cm x 1 cm) with a compressive load of 26 kg in the mixing ratios (by weight) 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 70:30, and 0:100 of pulp to sawdust, respectively. The compressed mixtures were sun dried for three days to ensure proper drying and free from moisture. Density, compressive and tensile tests were carried out on the test samples. The results showed that mass and density of the paperboard increased with increased amount of the sawdust in the mixture. Test results showed that compressive strength decreases as the sawdust content increases. Sample A, which is 100% paper, had a compressive strength of 5215 kPa, while Sample E, which is 100% sawdust, had a compressive strength of 22.02 kPa. It was also observed that sample B, which is 70% pulp and 30% sawdust, had the highest tensile strength of 0.629 kPa. However, the tensile strength reduces as the sawdust ratio in the mixture increases. The tensile strength of sample E (100% sawdust) could not be determined because the sample failed to bind properly. It was concluded that paperboard briquettes can be produced using paper and sawdust, which are generally considered wastes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Paperboard Briquette Using Waste Paper and Sawdust

Odusote

Onowuma²,

Fodeke

2016

Jou. Eng. Res.

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“…The pyrolysis of paper sludge has been investigated by several researchers . The general goal of these studies is to investigate whether paper mill wastes can be thermally processed to create value‐added products, such as energy, biofuels and oils, and adsorbents, among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The char from the pyrolysis of paper sludge has been investigated as adsorbents for water treatment applications . The adsorbents made from paper sludge have been demonstrated in the adsorption of metals, dyes, and organics from water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of deinked paper sludge to synthesize adsorbents for elemental Hg vapors

Almquist

Qin

2012

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Deinked paper sludge (DPS) was pyrolyzed at 600°C, 750°C, and 900°C in dry nitrogen to synthesize adsorbents. The performance of the pyrolyzed DPS for the gas‐phase adsorption of elemental mercury (Hg0) was investigated, and the performance was compared with that of BPL activated carbon as received (Calgon Carbon Corporation). In addition, the adsorption capacities of pyrolyzed DPS for Hg0 were compared with those published for other activated carbon adsorbents. The physical and chemical properties of pyrolyzed DPS and BPL were characterized to assess their differences, and those differences were used to hypothesize reasons for differences in their adsorption performance for Hg0. Characterization of the adsorbents was conducted using BET surface area, X‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analyses, scanning electron microscopy, electron dispersion spectroscopy, and Fourier transform spectroscopy. Pyrolyzed DPS performed better than BPL for Hg0 adsorption, despite the significant difference in surface area (pyrolyzed DPS ∼50 m2/g; BPL 1100 m2/g). Reasons for differences in adsorption performance are likely due to the pore size distribution, presence of and access to surface active sites, and morphology of the pyrolyzed deinked paper sludge compared with BPL. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 32: 524–534, 2013

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“…Because of legislation and increased taxes, landfills are quickly being eliminated as a final destination for paper sludge. Common alternative disposal methods include incineration or recycling utilization, including the preparation of carbonized paper sludge (Kanno et al 2007) and activated carbon adsorbents (Littrell et al 2002;Kang et al 2006) from paper sludge. The most important problem before ultimate disposal is to reduce the moisture content of the sludge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cellulase and Protease Pretreatment on Dewaterability of Waste Activated Sludge from Paper Mill

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2014

BioResources

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The feasibility of cellulase and protease pretreatment to improve the dewaterability of waste activated sludge from papermaking (WASP) was evaluated. Dewatering properties such as capillary suction time (CST), dry solids content of the sludge cakes from the specific resistance of filtration (SRF), and compression were measured to quantify the effects of cellulase and protease in sludge dewatering. The changes in the amounts of proteins (PN) and polysaccharides (PS) in tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) was found to be the most important parameter with respect to sludge dewatering. Further study, through nitrogen adsorption, verified the large change in the average pore width and surface area. Therefore, the disruption of TB-EPS and the change in the inner structure of WASP granules are the fundamental reasons for the enhanced dewaterability.

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Structural characterization of activated carbon adsorbents prepared from paper mill sludge

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Production of Paperboard Briquette Using Waste Paper and Sawdust

Production of Paperboard Briquette Using Waste Paper and Sawdust

Pyrolysis of deinked paper sludge to synthesize adsorbents for elemental Hg vapors

Effect of Cellulase and Protease Pretreatment on Dewaterability of Waste Activated Sludge from Paper Mill

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