Structural evolution of electrodes in the NCR and CGR cathode-containing commercial lithium-ion batteries cycled between 3.0 and 4.5 V: An operando neutron powder-diffraction study

Pang, Wei Kong; Alam, Moshiul; Peterson, Vanessa K.; Sharma, Neeraj

doi:10.1557/jmr.2014.297

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Such behavior might be explained by multiple aspects, such as changes of cation valance, interlayered Coulomb repulsion, and so on. Moreover, an in situ neutron diffraction study on commercial LIBs with graphite anodes was also carried out by Pang et al With different cathode materials (NCA and NCM), similar structural evolutions were found for the graphitic anode (Figure c,d). The neutron diffraction patterns clearly revealed multiple two‐phase transitions in the anode, which corresponded to graphite, LiC 12 , LiC 6, and an unknown LiC x , respectively.…”

Section: Examples Of Applications In Lib‐researchessupporting

confidence: 54%

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In Situ Probing Multiple‐Scale Structures of Energy Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2019

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Knowledge of atomic interactions with high‐energy photons or particles has opened a window to the microscopic structures of materials. In particular, X‐rays and neutrons interact with electrons and nuclei of atoms in different ways, which enables their complementary scattering, spectroscopic, and imaging capabilities for structural characterizations. In the past decades, techniques based on X‐ray and neutron interactions, capable of being time‐resolved and combined, have been well developed for encoding structures in various length, elemental and temporal levels, and, in turn, have ignited breakthroughs in the field of battery science and engineering. Herein are reviewed the advanced in situ X‐ray and neutron techniques for studying lithium‐ion batteries, which offer dynamic observations of chemical, electronic, and geometric changes during realistic battery operations. For each of the techniques, with a brief description of the theory on account of characterizing principles is given (i.e., scattering, excitation, and emission), followed by an introduction of operando methodologies including instruments, setups, and cell designs employed in synchrotron and neutron beamlines. Finally, a few practical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of these techniques in studying Li‐ion batteries, with a particular emphasis on each of their structural sensitivities at various time, elemental, and length levels.

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Section: Examples Of Applications In Lib‐researchessupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Examples Of Applications In Lib‐researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Probing Multiple‐Scale Structures of Energy Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2019

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“…The battery containing Li(Ni,Mn,Co)O 2 (NMC) and graphite electrodes was cycled at 1.7 C (5.8 A) using the Autolab PG302N potentiostat/galvanostat. The 10 s acquisition time reflects a change of ≈ 0.005 Li in the NMC electrode and changes in NPD data from both electrodes are consistent with that expected from previous work 29,62a,70…”

Section: Landmark Experimentssupporting

confidence: 87%

Understanding Rechargeable Battery Function Using In Operando Neutron Powder Diffraction

et al. 2019

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The performance of rechargeable batteries is influenced by the structural and phase changes of components during cycling. Neutron powder diffraction (NPD) provides unique and useful information concerning the structure–function relation of battery components and can be used to study the changes to component phase and structure during battery cycling, known as in operando measurement studies. The development and use of NPD for in operando measurements of batteries is summarized along with detailed experimental approaches that impact the insights gained by these. A summary of the information gained concerning battery function using in operando NPD measurements is provided, including the structural and phase evolution of electrode materials and charge‐carrying ion diffusion pathways through these, which are critical to the development of battery technology.

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“…The in situ NPD data presented in this work were collected using WOMBAT. This instrument has been previously successfully used for operando NPD experiments on battery materials (Sharma et al, 2010(Sharma et al, , 2013Du et al, 2011;Sharma, Reddy et al, 2011;, 2013aHu et al, 2013;Pang, Peterson et al, 2014a,b;Pang, Alam et al, 2014;Alam et al, 2014;Pang, Kalluri et al, 2014;Brant et al, 2014). The experimental setup during the NPD experiments in which data are obtained during the battery cycling is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Neutron Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A custom battery foroperandoneutron powder diffraction studies of electrode structure

Pang

Peterson

2015

J Appl Cryst

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Structure-property relations are central to understanding functional materials, and for battery research the use of neutron powder diffraction to reveal the atomistic and molecular-scale origin of battery performance characteristics is often essential. Although operando experiments of this kind are increasingly common as neutron sources and instrumentation advance, these experiments are hindered by the often large barrier presented by the preparation of whole batteries that yield a neutron diffraction signal from the electrode of interest that is sufficient to extract detailed structural information. This article presents a custom battery that is specifically designed for operando neutron powder diffraction. The battery is a pouch type and contains layers of positive and negative electrodes in a parallel-connecting stack. Importantly, the battery can be easily prepared in most laboratories, is configurable, and can be used with both lithium and sodium charge carriers. This paper provides some example operando neutron powder diffraction studies using this battery.

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Structural evolution of electrodes in the NCR and CGR cathode-containing commercial lithium-ion batteries cycled between 3.0 and 4.5 V: An operando neutron powder-diffraction study

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

In Situ Probing Multiple‐Scale Structures of Energy Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

In Situ Probing Multiple‐Scale Structures of Energy Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

Understanding Rechargeable Battery Function Using In Operando Neutron Powder Diffraction

A custom battery foroperandoneutron powder diffraction studies of electrode structure

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