Structural insights, biocatalytic characteristics, and application prospects of lignin-modifying enzymes for sustainable biotechnology

Singh, Anil Kumar; Iqbal, Hafiz M.N.; Cardullo, Nunzio; Muccilli, Vera; Fernández‐Lucas, Jesús; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Jesionowski, Teofil; Bilal, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124968

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In enzymatic saccharification, the complex carbohydrates (i.e., polysaccharides) present in the lignocellulosic materials are broken down into monosaccharide sugars for fermentation into biofuels and biochemicals [24]. Enzymatic saccharification is typically performed by using cellulases, hemicellulases (e.g., arabinofuranosidases, esterases, glucuronidases, mannanases, xylanases and xylosidases) and lignin-modifying enzymes to denature cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin frameworks in the biomass [25][26][27]. Compared to other pretreatment methods, one major advantage of enzymatic saccharification is that it can be conducted under relatively mild conditions since enzymes can be deactivated at high temperatures.…”

Section: Classification Of Bioconversion Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Liquid and Gaseous Biofuels from Advanced Microbial Fermentation Processes

Nanda,

Pattnaik,

Patra

et al. 2023

Fermentation

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Biofuels are the sustainable counterparts of fossil fuels to meet the increasing energy demands of the current and future generations. Biofuels are produced from waste organic residues with the application of mechanical, thermochemical and biological methods and processes. While mechanical and thermochemical conversion processes involve the use of heat, pressure, catalysts and other physicochemical attributes for the direct conversion of biomass, biological conversion requires microorganisms and their enzymes as biocatalysts to degrade the fermentable substrates into biofuels and biochemicals. This article highlights the advances and opportunities in biological conversion technologies for the development of a closed-loop biorefinery approach. This review highlights the distinction between biological and thermochemical conversion technologies, including a discussion on the pros and cons of the pathways. Different categories of biological conversion processes, such as enzymatic saccharification, submerged fermentation, solid-state fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation are also discussed in this article. The main essence of this article is the description of different fermentative technologies to produce next-generation biofuels, such as bioethanol, biobutanol, biomethane, biohydrogen and biodiesel. This article provides a state-of-the-art review of the literature and a technical perspective on the bioproduction of bioethanol, acetone–ethanol–butanol fermentation, anaerobic digestion, photo/dark fermentation, and the transesterification of lignocellulosic substrates to produce the above-mentioned biofuels. In addition, recommendations for improving bioprocessing efficiency and biofuel yields are provided in this comprehensive article.

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Section: Classification Of Bioconversion Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Liquid and Gaseous Biofuels from Advanced Microbial Fermentation Processes

Nanda,

Pattnaik,

Patra

et al. 2023

Fermentation

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“…White-rot fungi secrete a number of oxidoreductases that are involved in lignin depolymerization [ 23 , 24 ]. These oxidoreductases encompass heme-containing peroxidases (manganese, lignin, and versatile peroxidases) and copper-dependent polyphenol oxidases named laccases (E.C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Decolorization of the Poly-Azo Dye Sirius Grey by Coriolopsis gallica Laccase-Mediator System: Process Optimization and Toxicity Assessment

Zouari-Mechichi,

Benali,

Alessa

et al. 2024

Molecules

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The textile industry produces high volumes of colored effluents that require multiple treatments to remove non-adsorbed dyes, which could be recalcitrant due to their complex chemical structure. Most of the studies have dealt with the biodegradation of mono or diazo dyes but rarely with poly-azo dyes. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to study the biodegradation of a four azo-bond dye (Sirius grey) and to optimize its decolorization conditions. Laccase-containing cell-free supernatant from the culture of a newly isolated fungal strain, Coriolopsis gallica strain BS9 was used in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazol (HBT) to optimize the dye decolorization conditions. A Box–Benken design with four factors, namely pH, enzyme concentration, HBT concentration, and dye concentration, was performed to determine optimal conditions for the decolorization of Sirius grey. The optimal conditions were pH 5, 1 U/mL of laccase, 1 mM of HBT, and 50 mg/L of initial dye concentration, ensuring a decolorization yield and rate of 87.56% and 2.95%/min, respectively. The decolorized dye solution showed a decrease in its phytotoxicity (Germination index GI = 80%) compared to the non-treated solution (GI = 29%). This study suggests that the laccase-mediator system could be a promising alternative for dye removal from textile wastewater.

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“…Laccases (Lacs) are multicopper enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of phenol to phenoxy radicals with the concomitant reduction of O 2 to water [ 16 ]. Unlike many other enzymes, laccases have a wide range of substrates, including various types of phenols and polyphenols (including lignin), polyamines, aryl diamines and some inorganic ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike many other enzymes, laccases have a wide range of substrates, including various types of phenols and polyphenols (including lignin), polyamines, aryl diamines and some inorganic ions. In addition, it has been shown that low-molecular-weight mediators, such as 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole (HBT), can boost lignin oxidation at a distance from the enzyme active site and react with parts of the lignin polymer not accessible to Lacs enzyme alone [ 16 ]. Due to the complex structure of lignin, reaction mechanisms at the molecular level have mainly been studied using small model compounds representing structurally diverse lignins, and the reactions of different lignin model compounds in the presence and absence of mediators have been reviewed [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of a Marine Pine Kraft Lignin Sample by Enzymatic Treatment with a Pycnoporus cinnabarinus Laccase

Malric-Garajova,

Fortuna,

Pion

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Here, we report work on developing an enzymatic process to improve the functionalities of industrial lignin. A kraft lignin sample prepared from marine pine was treated with the high-redox-potential laccase from the basidiomycete fungus Pycnoporus cinnabarinus at three different concentrations and pH conditions, and with and without the chemical mediator 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT). Laccase activity was tested in the presence and absence of kraft lignin. The optimum pH of PciLac was initially 4.0 in the presence and absence of lignin, but at incubation times over 6 h, higher activities were found at pH 4.5 in the presence of lignin. Structural changes in lignin were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and solvent-extractable fractions were analyzed using high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The FTIR spectral data were analyzed with two successive multivariate series using principal component analysis (PCA) and ANOVA statistical analysis to identify the best conditions for the largest range of chemical modifications. DSC combined with modulated DSC (MDSC) revealed that the greatest effect on glass transition temperature (Tg) was obtained at 130 U g cm−1 and pH 4.5, with the laccase alone or combined with HBT. HPSEC data suggested that the laccase treatments led to concomitant phenomena of oligomerization and depolymerization, and GC–MS revealed that the reactivity of the extractable phenolic monomers depended on the conditions tested. This study demonstrates that P. cinnabarinus laccase can be used to modify marine pine kraft lignin, and that the set of analytical methods implemented here provides a valuable tool for screening enzymatic treatment conditions.

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Structural insights, biocatalytic characteristics, and application prospects of lignin-modifying enzymes for sustainable biotechnology

Cited by 14 publications

References 354 publications

A Review of Liquid and Gaseous Biofuels from Advanced Microbial Fermentation Processes

A Review of Liquid and Gaseous Biofuels from Advanced Microbial Fermentation Processes

Efficient Decolorization of the Poly-Azo Dye Sirius Grey by Coriolopsis gallica Laccase-Mediator System: Process Optimization and Toxicity Assessment

Modification of a Marine Pine Kraft Lignin Sample by Enzymatic Treatment with a Pycnoporus cinnabarinus Laccase

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