Structural investigation of a water-soluble glucan from an edible mushroom, Astraeus hygrometricus

Bioactive potential of the wild mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus in South-west India

“…Acacia auriculiformis, Anacardium occidentale, Artocarpus hirsutus, Holigarna arnottiana, Hopea parviflora, H. ponga, Phyllanthus emblica and Syzygium cumini ) (Pavithra et al 2015). It is known for several medicinal properties like immunoenhancement, splenocyte activation, cardioprotection, hepatoprotection, hypoglycaemic, anti-inflammatory, free radical-scavenger, lipid peroxidation inhibition, anticandidal and anti-leishmanial activities (Chakraborty et al 2004; Biswas et al 2010a, 2010b, 2011a, 2011b, 2012; Lai et al 2012; Biswas and Acharya 2013; Mandal et al 2015; Shameem et al 2015). As A. hygrometricus is one of the widely consumed mushrooms in the South-west India, the aim of this study is to project its nutraceutical properties in uncooked and cooked state by assessing bioactive principles and antioxidant properties.…”

Observations on the Astraeus spp. of Southwestern India

“…traditionally for medicinal purposes (Panda & Tayung 2014). Immunoenhancing activity of A. hygrometricus has been reported by Chakraborty et al (2004) and Mallick (2010). The ethanolic extract of A. hygrometricus possesses significant free radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition and also possesses excellent anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the standard drug diclofenae (Biswas et al 2010).…”

A Comprehensive Review on Food and Medicinal Prospects of Astraeus hygrometricus

“…38 Similarly another research group isolated water soluble fraction from this macrofungus which on fractionation through chromatography gave two homogeneous fractions. Fraction I (AQSI) identified as a α-(1→ 4), β-(1→ 6) linked glucan 39 ( Figure 2c) and Fraction II (AQS-II) ( Figure 2d) found to be a hetero polysaccharide containing 63% polysaccharide and 35% protein and the polysaccharide part containing glucose, galactose, and fucose in a 2:1:1 molar ratio. 40 The molecular weight of these polysaccharide fraction were learnt by a gel-filtration technique and found to be 2.04×10 5 and 22,000 daltons respectively and their structure were established by NMR spectroscopy.…”

“…40 The molecular weight of these polysaccharide fraction were learnt by a gel-filtration technique and found to be 2.04×10 5 and 22,000 daltons respectively and their structure were established by NMR spectroscopy. 39,40 Apart from polysaccharide, protein fraction was also obtained from fresh fruiting bodies of A. hygrometricus by affinity chromatography and identified as Cibacron blue affinity eluted protein (CBAEP) fraction. 41 This research group further extended their work by isolating a heteroglucan, designating this group of compound as AE2 which featured a high molecular weight and putative β-glucan structure consisting of glucose, galactose, mannose and fucose.…”

“…84 Water-soluble Fraction I, isolated from the aqueous extract of the A. hygrometricus fruit bodies exhibited strong splenocyte activation at a dose of 10ng/mL and stimulates T cells, B cells, macrophages, and thereby promote the immune responses. 39 Another polysaccharide designated as AE2 studied for macrophage-stimulating activity displayed enhanced production of nitric oxide and cytokines. AE2-treated macrophages showed amplified phagocytic potential 42 and activated immune cells as well as enhanced cytokine production from splenocytes in in vitro culture.…”